biological molecules Flashcards
what is a carbohydrate
chains of polymers
made of monosaccharides
wheres the hydroxl group on alpha glucose
the bottom(on both sides)
wheres the hydroxyl group on beta glucose
the top(opposite sides)
what bond is made when a disaccharide is made
glycosidic as h2o is lost
what reaction joins monosaccharides
condensation (water is lost)
what food test is for sugars
benedicts
what colors should benedicts solution turn if its a positive result
bgyobr
blue green yellow orange brick red
what reaction breaks up polymers
hydrolysis
properties of starch
insoluble, compact
why is being insoluble a strength
osmosis cannot effect the water potential
why is being compact a strength
easier to store
what are we testing for with the iodine solution test
starch
what are the properties of glycogen
insoluble, compact, branched
what are the properties of cellulose
unbranched, parallel chains, cross linked hydrogen bonds
what food test is for lipids and describe how and the result
emulsion test
shake with ethanol
milky white emulsion if positive
what is a triglyceride made of
1x glycerol
3x fatty acid
properties of a triglyceride
formed by a condensation reaction
insoluble
hydrophobic tail
whats a saturated fatty acid
no double C bonds
what is an unsaturated fatty acid
one or more double C bond
C=C
what are the properties of a phospholipid
hydrophilic head
hydrophobic tail
why are things hydrophobic
water soluble substances cannot get through
what does the biuret test, test for and what is a positive result
proteins
it goes from blue to purple
what are proteins
long chains of amino acids, linked by a condensation reaction
what bond forms in dipeptide
peptide
