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biology year 1 > biological molecules > Flashcards

biological molecules Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is a carbohydrate

A

chains of polymers
made of monosaccharides

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2
Q

wheres the hydroxl group on alpha glucose

A

the bottom(on both sides)

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3
Q

wheres the hydroxyl group on beta glucose

A

the top(opposite sides)

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4
Q

what bond is made when a disaccharide is made

A

glycosidic as h2o is lost

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5
Q

what reaction joins monosaccharides

A

condensation (water is lost)

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6
Q

what food test is for sugars

A

benedicts

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7
Q

what colors should benedicts solution turn if its a positive result

A

bgyobr
blue green yellow orange brick red

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8
Q

what reaction breaks up polymers

A

hydrolysis

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9
Q

properties of starch

A

insoluble, compact

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10
Q

why is being insoluble a strength

A

osmosis cannot effect the water potential

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11
Q

why is being compact a strength

A

easier to store

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12
Q

what are we testing for with the iodine solution test

A

starch

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13
Q

what are the properties of glycogen

A

insoluble, compact, branched

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14
Q

what are the properties of cellulose

A

unbranched, parallel chains, cross linked hydrogen bonds

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15
Q

what food test is for lipids and describe how and the result

A

emulsion test
shake with ethanol
milky white emulsion if positive

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16
Q

what is a triglyceride made of

A

1x glycerol
3x fatty acid

17
Q

properties of a triglyceride

A

formed by a condensation reaction
insoluble
hydrophobic tail

18
Q

whats a saturated fatty acid

A

no double C bonds

19
Q

what is an unsaturated fatty acid

A

one or more double C bond
C=C

20
Q

what are the properties of a phospholipid

A

hydrophilic head
hydrophobic tail

21
Q

why are things hydrophobic

A

water soluble substances cannot get through

22
Q

what does the biuret test, test for and what is a positive result

A

proteins
it goes from blue to purple

23
Q

what are proteins

A

long chains of amino acids, linked by a condensation reaction

24
Q

what bond forms in dipeptide

A

peptide

25
Q

what is primary structure

A

the sequence of amino acids

26
Q

what sequence involves hydrogen bonds to create an alpha helix/beta plated sheet

A

secondary

27
Q

what bonds are involved in the tertiary structure and order them strongest to weakest

A

strongest-disulphide (only when theres sulphur in the R group
middle-ionic
weakest-hydrogen

28
Q

what is the quatinary structure

A

the final 3D structure of the protein.

biology year 1 (4 decks)

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