Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology old > Biological Molecules > Flashcards

Biological Molecules Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

monomer

A

smaller units from which large molecules are made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

monomer eg

A

monosaccharides
amino acid
nucleotides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

condensation reaction

A

joins 2 molecules together, forms chemical bonds, eliminates water molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

hydrolysis

A

breaks chemical bond between 2 molecules, uses water molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hydrogen bonding

A

uneven distribution of charge
polar molecule
electrostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

monosaccharides examples

A

glucose
galactose
fructose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

carbohydrates

A

made of monosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

condensation reaction between 2 monosaccharides

A

glycosidic bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

disaccharide: maltose

A

glucose

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

disaccharide: sucrose

A

glucose

fructose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

disaccharide: lactose

A

glucose

galactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

monosaccharides

A

sweet
soluble
general formula: (CH2O)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

polysaccharides

A

condensation of many glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

glycogen

A

main energy store in animals

alpha glucose

1,4
1,6
glycosidic bonds

lots of side branches; energy released quickly as enzymes can act

compact- lots of energy

insoluble- won’t affect water potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

starch

A

energy store in plants

alpha glucose

made of two polysaccharides: amylose and amylopectin

insoluble- wont affect water potential

compact

when hydrolysed, aloha glucose can be easily transported

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

amylose

A

unbranched

alpha glucose

1,4 glycosidic

coiled, compact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

amylopectin

A

branches

alpha glucose

1,4
1,6
glycosidic bonds

many side branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cellulose

A

beta glucose

glycosidic

long, unbranched chains

microfibrils: strong threads of long cellulose molecules chains parallel, joined by hydrogen bonds- strong crosslinks

stops cells bursting under osmotic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

lipids made of

A

hydrogen
carbon
oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

lipid solubility

A

only in organic solvents, eg. alcohols

21
Q

triglycerides

A

formed from condensation of 1 glycerol, 3 fatty acids

ester bond

difference comes from (un)saturated fatty acid

key in respiration and energy storage; insoluble and high C:H

22
Q

fatty acid

A

carboxyl group (COOH) with hydrocarbon chain attached

mono unsaturated or polyunsaturated

double bond can bend, so cant pack that tight, so liquid at room temp

23
Q

structure and properties of triglycerides

A

3

24
Q

roles of lipids

A

3

25
Q

triglyceride diagram

A

3

26
Q

phospholipid

A

3

27
Q

phospholipid polarity

A

3

28
Q

phospholipid diagram

A

3

29
Q

phospholipid structure and properties

A

3

30
Q

emulsion test

A

3

31
Q

amino acid general structure

A

4

32
Q

peptide bond

A

4

33
Q

primary structure

A

4

34
Q

secondary structure

A

4

35
Q

tertiary structure

A

4

36
Q

quaternary structure

A

4

37
Q

induced fit

A

4

38
Q

biuret test

A

4

39
Q

enzymes

A

4

40
Q

enzyme structure

A

4

41
Q

enzyme conc

A

4

42
Q

substrate conc

A

4

43
Q

ph

A

4

44
Q

temp

A

4

45
Q

competitive inhibitors

A

4

46
Q

non competitive inhibitors

A

4

47
Q

alpha glucose

A

2

48
Q

beta glucose

A

2

Biology old (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions