Biological Molecules

Question 1

Identify the chemical elements present in carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.

Answer 1

https://westminster.fireflycloud.net/resource.aspx?id=244563

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Carbohydrates - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.

Proteins - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur (sometimes)

Lipids - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.

Question 2

Describe the basic structure of starch and glycogen.

Answer 2

Four sugar molecules.

Question 3

Describe the basic structure of protein.

Answer 3

Four amino acids. There are twenty naturally occurring types of amino acid.

Question 4

Describe the basic structure of triglycerides.

Answer 4

Three fatty acids bonded to glycerol.

Question 5

What are enzymes?

Answer 5

Enzymes are catalysts, and they reduce the level of energy required for a reaction.

Question 6

How does temperature affect enzyme function?

Answer 6

If the temperature is too high or low for an enzyme, it will denature. This means that the shape of the active site will change and the substrate will no longer fit, and cannot be made into a product.

Question 7

How does PH affect enzyme function?

Answer 7

Enzymes are sensitive to PH, and they will denature and the active site will change shape if the PH changes too much.