Biological invasions Flashcards
What are bioregions of the world?
They refer to large geographic areas characterized by similar ecological conditions, including climate, vegetation, and wildlife. These regions are defined based on the natural features and ecological characteristics of the area rather than political boundaries
What does it mean with lifting barriers?
Is the removal of obstacles that block the transportation of goods between countries
What are the main drivers for invasive species
Transport, Trade, Traffic and Tourism
what are the stages of invasive species
Transport, Introduction, Establishment, Spread
Explain what is meant with natural / introduced species
Species that may flourish or reproduce but will not form self establishing populations
Explain what is meant with naturalised / established species
alien species that reproduced and established themselves over the years without human interactions and they are considered native
Explain what is meant with invasive species
They reproduce in large numbers and have a significant impact on the environment
temporal trends of alien species in rivers
origin and hotspots, connectivity and species areas relations, changes in fauna assemblages
What are hot spots?
They are drivers for alien species to be more attracted to that area. It is because they have their favourable concentration and environmental conditions
What are the drivers for hot spots?
Temperature increase and time
most important pathways
ballast water, ship hulls and dispersal via waterways
Through shipping turbulance what can a native species feel?
physical stress (affecting their ability to feed, reproduce, and navigate), habitat disruption
Through shipping turbulance what can a non-native species feel?
Compared to native species they are not affected as much because they are more adaptive in new conditions and therefore their cycle may not be affected.
explain what is the ten’s rule
- One in ten alien species that arrive escape from captivity or gardens
- One in ten of these species become established
- One in ten of the established alien species go on to be regarded as invasive
What is meant with propagule pressure ?
It means that with repetitive introduction of an invasive species increases the establishment of them.
What is biotic resistance?
It refers to the ability of native species and communities to resist or limit the success of invasive species. Essentially, it describes the natural defences and competitive abilities of native organisms that can impede the establishment and spread of non-native species in an ecosystem.
What is Invasive meltdown
It refers to the presence and activities of one invasive species facilitate the success and spread of another invasive species. This concept describes a positive feedback loop in which the interactions between different invasive species contribute to an escalating invasion process.
What is a functional response, and what is the ratio?
A functional response in ecology refers to the relationship between the rate of resource consumption by a consumer (predator, herbivore, etc.) and the density of the resource (prey, food, etc.) in the environment. It describes how an individual’s or population’s consumption of resources changes in response to variations in resource abundance.
The ratio is a (attach rate) / h (handling time)
What is the enemy’s release hypothesis three focus points?
- The specialist enemies of the alien species will be absent from the new region
- Host switching by specialist enemies of native congeners and other species will be rare.
- Generalists will have a greater impact on the native competitors
- Host switching by specialist enemies of native congeners and other species will be rare.
Name the three filters that act when an invasive species is being introduced
Biotic, biogeographic filter and environmental space
What is meant with ‘Boom and bust’ of invasive alien species?
Is when an invasive species multiplies in a new environment and rapidly grows (boom) to the point when it reaches a decline in growth so it doesn’t reproduce anymore (bust).
Relate various types of management measures to invasion stages of alien species.
Prevention, Eradication, Containment, Mitigation
how do you call the mussels that he is passionate about
Dreissenids
what kind of species do we have in freshwater?
Macrophytes, Amphibians, birds, Mammals, Crustaceans, fish
