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Biodiversity > Biological Classification > Flashcards

Biological Classification Flashcards

1
Q

Who proposed the five kingdom classification?

A

Robert Whittaker proposed the five kingdom classification in 1969.

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2
Q

What are the five kingdoms in the five kingdom classification?

A

The five kingdoms are Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

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3
Q

What is the basis for the five kingdom classification?

A

The classification is based on cellular structure and body organization, and mode of nutrition.

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4
Q

What types of organisms are included in Kingdom Monera?

A

Kingdom Monera includes all prokaryotes, i.e., bacteria and cyanobacteria.

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5
Q

What characterizes Kingdom Protista?

A

Kingdom Protista includes all eukaryotic unicellular organisms, except yeast, and includes protozoa and unicellular algae.

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6
Q

What defines Kingdom Fungi?

A

Kingdom Fungi includes all multicellular eukaryotic fungi, which are absorptive heterotrophs with a cell wall made of chitin.

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7
Q

What organisms are found in Kingdom Plantae?

A

Kingdom Plantae includes multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic organisms with a cell wall made of cellulose, such as algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.

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8
Q

What distinguishes Kingdom Animalia?

A

Kingdom Animalia includes all multicellular, eukaryotic animals that are ingestive heterotrophs without a cell wall, including vertebrates and invertebrates.

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9
Q

What type of organisms are Monera?

A

Monera are unicellular organisms having prokaryotic cellular structure.

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10
Q

What cellular organelles are present in Monera?

A

Cellular organelles are absent.

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11
Q

How complex is the structure of Monera?

A

Monera are simple in structure, with no complexity.

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12
Q

What types of microorganisms does Monera contain?

A

It contains small microorganisms.

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13
Q

Which organelles are not present in Monera?

A

Mitochondria and chloroplast are not present.

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14
Q

Does Monera possess a true nucleus?

A

Monera does not possess a true nucleus.

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15
Q

What are the modes of nutrition in Monera?

A

Mode of nutrition can be autotrophic or heterotrophic.

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16
Q

Are flagella and cilia present in Monera?

A

Flagella and cilia are not present in Monera.

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17
Q

Where can Monera be found?

A

They are cosmopolitan, which means they are found everywhere.

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18
Q

What is a species?

A

Species is a group of organisms which can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

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19
Q

What is a genus?

A

Group of closely related species is called genus.

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20
Q

What is a family?

A

Group of closely related genera is called family.

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21
Q

What is an order?

A

Group of closely related families is called order.

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22
Q

What is a class?

A

Group of closely related orders is called class.

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23
Q

What is a phylum?

A

Group of closely related classes is called phylum.

24
Q

What is a kingdom?

A

Group of closely related phyla is placed together in Kingdom.

25
Q

What are some beneficial products provided by biodiversity?

A

Biodiversity provides fiber, oil, dyes, rubber, water, timber, paper, and food.

26
Q

How does biodiversity stabilize ecosystems?

A

Biodiversity stabilizes ecosystems by recycling nutrients and reducing pollution through forests.

27
Q

What role does biodiversity play in medicine?

A

Biodiversity plays an important role in drug discovery and medicinal resources. Medicines from nature account for usage by 80% of the world’s population.

28
Q

How does biodiversity enhance tourism?

A

Biodiversity beautifies nature with various trees and animals found in different regions, which enhances tourism.

29
Q

What type of organisms are fungi?

A

Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs (without chlorophyll) living either as saprophytes or as parasites.

30
Q

What role do fungi play in the ecosystem?

A

Fungi are the decomposers of the ecosystem.

31
Q

What is the composition of the fungal cell wall?

A

Fungi cell wall is made up of chitin.

32
Q

What are the two types of fungal structures based on septation?

A

Fungi may be septate or aseptate.

33
Q

What is the nuclear condition of fungal cells?

A

Fungi cell may be uninucleate or multinucleate.

34
Q

What is the structure of the fungal body?

A

Fungi body is filamentous made up of mycelium and hyphae, non-parenchymatous without complex organs or differentiation.

35
Q

What is deforestation?

A

Deforestation is the cutting down of trees for the conversion of forest into non-forest land.

36
Q

What percentage of the land area on our planet do forests cover?

A

Forests cover 31% of the land area on our planet.

37
Q

What vital roles do forests play?

A

Forests produce vital oxygen, provide homes for people and wildlife, offer food, fresh air, clothing, medicine, and shelter.

38
Q

How do forests contribute to climate change mitigation?

A

Forests act as a carbon sink, soaking up carbon dioxide that would otherwise contribute to climate change.

39
Q

What are the main causes of deforestation?

A

Deforestation is caused by mining, urbanization, timber extraction, road construction, agricultural expansion, and livestock breeding.

40
Q

What are the effects of deforestation on biodiversity?

A

Deforestation results in a great loss of biodiversity, increases greenhouse gas concentrations, leads to global warming, and causes habitat loss for wildlife.

41
Q

What environmental issues are caused by deforestation?

A

Deforestation causes soil erosion, low rainfall due to lack of transpiration, and contributes to rising sea levels and flooding.

42
Q

What is the necessity of a classification system?

A

A system of classification is necessary because of the abundance of the variety of life on earth. There are currently around 1.5 million species that have been described and have been given scientific names.

43
Q

What is biological classification?

A

The grouping of organisms into groups and subgroups to study the diverse pack of organisms that exist on earth.

44
Q

What are the principles of classification?

A

Some organisms share similar fundamental characteristics or functions, explained by means of Morphology.

45
Q

What is Morphology in classification?

A

Morphology studies organisms based on their external features.

46
Q

What does Homologous mean in biology?

A

Homologous means similar in structure and have different functions, indicating similarity in internal or chromosomal structures.

47
Q

What does Analogous mean in biology?

A

Analogous means different in structure and have the same functions, indicating similar structures that evolved independently.

48
Q

What other characteristics are used for classification?

A

Cytology and genetics, which involve cellular study, genetic constitution, and development patterns, as well as biochemistry for comparing chemical substances.

49
Q

What is taxonomic hierarchy?

A

Taxonomic hierarchy is the arrangement of taxa in ascending order, forming a ladder of classification.

50
Q

What is the highest taxon of classification?

A

The kingdom is the highest taxon of classification.

51
Q

What are the units of classification?

A

The smallest and basic unit of classification is species, which groups individual organisms with fundamental similarities.

52
Q

How are closely related species grouped?

A

Closely related species are grouped together into genera, and similar genera into families, continuing up to kingdoms.

53
Q

What is the taxonomic hierarchy structure?

A

Kingdom > Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species.

54
Q

What is the scientific name for humans?

A

Homo sapiens.

55
Q

What is the scientific name for peas?

A

Pisum sativum.

Biodiversity (1 decks)

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