biological classification

Question 1

What are the sole members of Kingdom Monera?

Answer 1

Bacteria​

Question 2

What are the shapes of bacteria?

Answer 2

Cocci (spherical), Bacilli (rod-shaped), Vibrios (comma-shaped), and Spirilla (spiral)​

Question 3

What is the structure and composition of bacterial cell walls?

Answer 3

Simple structure but complex behavior; some have cell walls with peptidoglycan​

Question 4

What is an example of autotrophic bacteria?

Answer 4

Cyanobacteria, which are photosynthetic autotrophs​

Question 5

What are Archaebacteria and where do they live?

Answer 5

: They are special bacteria that live in extreme habitats like hot springs and salt marshes​

Question 6

What distinguishes Archaebacteria from other bacteria?

Answer 6

Different cell wall structure, enabling survival in extreme conditions​

Question 7

What are Eubacteria and what is their characteristic feature?

Answer 7

True bacteria characterized by a rigid cell wall and sometimes a flagellum​

Question 8

How do bacteria reproduce?

Answer 8

Mainly by binary fission, and sometimes by spore formation under unfavorable conditions​

Question 9

What are Mycoplasma?

Answer 9

Bacteria that lack a cell wall and are pathogenic in animals and plants

Question 10

What roles do chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria play?

Answer 10

They recycle nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, and sulfur by oxidizing inorganic substances​

Question 11

What roles do chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria play?

Answer 11

They recycle nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, and sulfur by oxidizing inorganic substances​

Question 12

: What type of organisms are included in Kingdom Protista?

Answer 12

All single-celled eukaryotes​

Question 13

What is the primary characteristic of protists?

Answer 13

They are primarily aquatic and include both photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms

Question 14

What are Chrysophytes and where are they found?

Answer 14

Diatoms and golden algae found in freshwater and marine environments

Question 15

What are Dinoflagellates and what is their impact on the environment?

Answer 15

Photosynthetic organisms causing phenomena like red tides​

Question 16

What is unique about the cell walls of diatoms?

Answer 16

They form two thin overlapping shells embedded with silica, making them indestructible​

Question 17

What is the characteristic feature of Euglenoids?

Answer 17

They have a protein-rich layer called pellicle instead of a cell wall, making their bodies flexible​

Question 18

What are Slime Moulds and how do they reproduce?

Answer 18

Saprophytic protists that form spores during unfavorable conditions

Question 19

What are Amoeboid protozoans?

Answer 19

Organisms that live in fresh water, sea water, or moist soil, moving and capturing prey using pseudopodia​

Question 20

What are Sporozoans and what diseases do they cause?

Answer 20

Protozoans with an infectious spore-like stage, causing diseases like malaria

Question 21

What are Ciliated protozoans?

Answer 21

Aquatic organisms with thousands of cilia used for movement and feeding

Question 22

What defines the Kingdom Fungi?

Answer 22

A unique kingdom of heterotrophic organisms

Question 23

What are common examples of fungi?

Answer 23

Mushrooms, yeast, and the fungi found on moist bread and rotten fruits​

Question 24

What is the structure of most fungi?

Answer 24

Filamentous bodies consisting of long, slender thread-like structures called hyphae​

Question 25

What is mycelium?

Answer 25

The network of hyphae in fungi

Question 26

What are coenocytic hyphae?

Answer 26

Hyphae that are continuous tubes filled with multinucleated cytoplasm

Question 27

What are the cell walls of fungi composed of?

Answer 27

Chitin and polysaccharides​

Question 28

What are septate hyphae?

Answer 28

Hyphae with cross walls or septa​

Question 29

What is the mode of nutrition in fungi?

Answer 29

Most fungi are saprophytes, absorbing organic matter from dead substrates

Question 30

What is the role of fungi in symbiotic relationships?

Answer 30

They form associations like lichens with algae and mycorrhiza with roots of higher plants​

Question 31

Archaebacteria:

Answer 31

Archaebacteria, like methanogens, halophiles, and thermoacidophiles, have unique cell walls allowing survival in harsh conditions. Methanogens produce methane in ruminant animals’ guts .

Question 32

Chrysophytes:

Answer 32

Include diatoms and golden algae, found in fresh and marine water, photosynthetic, and have indestructible silica-embedded cell walls forming diatomaceous earth .