Biological Classification Flashcards by Kadambari Dingankar

Earliest classification was done by?

Aristotle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Aristotle divided plants into 3 categories name them? And animals into two categories name them?

Trees ,herbs, shrubs
Anaima rbc absent
Enaima

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Earliest classification by Aristotle was based on whic characters?

Simple morphological characters

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Two kingdom classification was done by?
Three kingdom classification was done by?
Four kingdom classification was done by?
Five kingdom classification was done by?
6 kingdom classification was done by

Linear carlinus
Earnest heckle
Coplain
RH vitekar
Car blues

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Earnest heckle added ___in two kingdom classification
Coplane added ____in three kingdom classification
Whittaker added ____ in 4 kingdom classification
Address is the domain system by cargos and how many kingdoms?

Protista
Monera
Fungi
He divided Monera into u bacteria archive bacteria so the total Kingdom are 6 are eubacteria archibacteria fungi plant and animalian protista

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Address the four problems for classification by carlins

1 cell under plant which have cell wall
Fungi example fungi bacteria blue green algae bryophyta pteridophytes gymnosperm and angiosperms
So both so both prokaryotic and eukaryotic a place together
2 fungi which is saprophytic heterotroph and plant which is autotrophs are placed together under Kingdom plantae
3 chlamydomonas which is unicellular and spirogyra which is multicellular group together
4.Fungi which cell wall has guiding and plant which cell wall a cellulose and pacting a place together.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Five kingdom classification of Whittaker have five criteria which are they

Cell organisation prokaryot or eukaryote
Body structure or organisation
Mode of reproduction
Phylogenetic relationships
mode of nutrition

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Monera is a ____cell
It is unicellular or multicellular
It’s nucleus has a genetic material called – and held together by

Prokaryotic cell
It is unicellular organism
Genetic material is nucleoid and RNA +nonstone protein

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Eukaryotes contains four kingdoms named them
Protista is — organism
Fungi are ____ called and have___ body organization
Planti has ___ body organisation
Animals have ___ type of body organisation

Protista fungi planting animalia
Unicellular
multicellular and have loose tissue organisation
Tissue organisation seen in plant
Tissue organ system organisation scene in animals

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

___ are solemembers of Monera

Bacteria

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Abundant microorganism comes in which Kingdom?

Monera

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Four types of shapes are seen in bacteria name them
Spherical like
Rod like
Comma like
Spiral like

Coccus
Bacillus
Vibrio spiralum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which Kingdom or as a group have most extensive metabolic development or great nutritional diversity

Bacteria in Kingdom monera

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

State true or false
Bacteriors are autotrophic and heterotrophic but majoritys are heterotrophic

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

State the four nutritional diversity seen in bacteria

Photosynthetic autotrophic heterotrophic chemosynthetic
In chemosynthetic there is oxidation breakdown of nitrates nitride and ammonia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Monera Kingdom is divided into two sub categories

Eu bacteria and archi bacteria

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Archi bacteria lives in Harsh habitats due to its well developed cell wall structure true or false

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name the archi bacteria that lives in salty condition
Name the archi bacterial that leaves in hot springs
Name the type of archi bacteria that found in a ruminant and of cattles and marshy areas

Halophiles thermodo thermosidophiles methanogens

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Methanogens produce ____ gas
Methanogens are anaerobic in nature, true or false

Methane Gas or biogas
Through methanogens anaerobic as the leaves under another organism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cyanobacteria is also called as ____ and state that three examples

Blue green algae which don’t come under plant they are bacteria
Nostock annabelle oscillatory

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The following features are describes the cyanobacteria state their true or false

Cyanobacteria or blue green algae are photosynthetic autotrophs means the content chlorophyll A
O2 releasing
found in unicellular or colonial or filamentous State
Surrounded by gelatinous sheet
Often forms blooms in water so they are pollution indicators (well there is less pollution be find bga)
They container specialist cell college heterocyst which is nitrogen fixing cell means it converts nitrogen dioxide to ammonia with help of Amazon which is Oxygen sensitive and ammonia further forms proteins

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

___is a smallest cell found as diameter is___

Mycoplasma with a diameter of 0.3 micrometer

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mycoplasma aur pathanogenic to humans plants because mycoplasmine pneumonia
Mycoplasma bacteria is without cell wall
MycoPlasma follows facultative aerobic respiration
State true or false

All statements are true

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Protista is a unicellular eukaryotic organism mostly aquatic as life origin in waters true or false

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

State nutritional diversity shown by protista name 3

heterotrophic Autotrophic Mixotrophic

What is endo symbiotic theory for production of protista

Symbiotic theory it state that a cell eukaryotic cell angles the prokaryotic photosynthetic cell such as chloroplast within it so mitochondria first form then chloroplast evolution tells ud

Name five classification done in Kingdom protista or classes

Dinoflagellate protozoan Euglenoids Chrysopytes Slime mould

State two classes of protista which are photosynthetic State which class of protista is heterotrophs Statewhich class of protista is mixotrophic

Dinoflagellate and chrysopytes our photosynthetic Euglenoids I mixotropic Slime moles and protozoans are heterotrophs

Most photosynthetic organisms found in sea

Chrysopytes do all photosynthetic so cry

Chrysopytes are found in ?

Aquatic+Marine

Chief producer of ocean is

Chrysopytes (diatom)

Movement of chrysopytes is

Passive

Chrysopytes are called __ due to there passive movement

Pytoplanton

Name two class classification under chrysopytes

Desmides and diatom

Diatoms diatoms are microscopic in nature true or false Desmides are also called golden algae because they are yellow and brown in colour due to the carotenoids

True

The clay that is found in Ocean due to diatoms is called as dash and used for filtration of syrup oil polishing

Diatomesous earth

Dinoflagellates are freshwater and mostly marine

True

Dinoflage rates are colourful in nature due to different pigments and also photosynthes

True

__ plates are found on the surface of dinoflage

Cellulose plates

Name two flagellas that are found on the body of Dino flagellates body of dino flagellates

Longitudinal flagella and transverse flagella like diayan

The causes red tidess and belong to which division

Gonulex causes red tide

Euglinoids have which type of Nutrition mode

Mixotrophic nature

How many flajilas are found on euglenoids and their length is

2 Unequal

Euglenoids have a protective covering of ___layer

Pellicle protein layer

Euglenoids are mostly freshwater in nature true or false

True

Slime moulds are having which type of nutritional diversity

Saprophytic nutrition

The multi nucleated condition found in slime mould is called __

Coenocytic

What is syncytium condition

A new cell formed and then there c cytoplasm fused

What is the coenocytic condition

New cells doesn't form only nucleus divided and form a multi nucleated condition

The multi nucleated condition found in a slime mould is called as ___ state

Plasmodium state

In unfavorable condition slime mould form

Fruiting body means spores by meiosis

Important features of spores found in fruiting body of plasmodium of slime mould

The spores has a true cell wall same as a plant pores having exine and intine

Which class from protista is called as ancestor of animals it is heterotrophic in nature

Protozoan

Protozoan is divided into further for classes name them

Amy boiled protozoan flagellated protozoan ciliated protozoan sporozones

Feature of Ameboid protozole and their examples

Have pseudopodia examples are amiba and enta amoeba

Amoeba is aquatic in nature and entamoba causes an amoeba dysentery

True

Marine forms of amoid protozoan have __shells

Silica

Feature of flagellated protozoan examples are

Flagellated protozoan have flagella example trypanosoma (sleeping sickness)

Vector of sleeping sickness

Tee tee fly

Trichomonas is an example of __ and causes which STD

Flagellated protozoan Trichomonas

The mouth that found in ciliated protozoan is called as for food injection

Gullet

How many nucleus are found in ciliated protozoa name them

Macronucleus micronucleus

Which vacuole is found in protista or ciliated protozole

Contractile vacuole

Micronucleus of selected protozoan is used for – purpose and macronucleus is used for – purpose

Reproduction and vegetative

Examples of ciliated protozoan

paramecium slipper

Sporozones n's are called as __ heterotrophs

Parasitic parasiticrops

Sporozones have spores like stage in life cycle

True

Sporozones example

Plasmodium causes malaria

Fungi is a which type of eukaryot unicellular or multicellular

Multicellular eukaryot

Fungi is filamentous in nature except one unicellular fungi which

Yeast

Scientific name for yeast

Sacrific services

Fungi body contains thread like structure called as

Hypae

Network of high hyphae called as

Mycelium

Two types of mycelium are

Coenocytic Sepate

What is plasmogamy Karyogamy Dikaryon

Plasmo game is a fusion of protoplast between two motel or non-motile gametes Karao gaming is a fusion of two nuclei Dikaryon is two nuclei cell stage

Name four divisions for fungi

Phycomytes Ascomytes Basidomytes Dueteromytes

Dikaryon stage is seen in which division of fungi

Ascomytes and biasdomytes

Sexual cycle in fungi is follow as

Plasmogamy Karyogamy Meiosis to form spores

Psycho mycetes is called as a primitive one due to

Aseptate and coenocytic condition

Branched and separate conditions of hyphae are found in which division

Ascomytes Basidomytes Dueteromytes

Mycelium is found in which division

Ascomytes basidomytes Deuteromytes

Mnemonic for sexual asexual spores in fungi

Bas |ac physics dc|

Phycomytes have sexual spores for reproduction

False primitive one

Name two exogenously produced spores

Conidiophores and basidospores (BC)rest all are endogenously produced

A sexual and sexual spores found in ascomytes

Ascospores Conidiophores

Basidomytes se sexual and a sexual s p o r e

Bacidiospore There is no. asexual spores in basiromycetes

Dueteromytes doesn't have which spores asexual or a sexual ,and asexual spores is called as

Sexual Conidiophores

Two divisions under sporenzgiospore

Aplanospores (non motile ) Zoopores (motile)

Phycomytes are found in which habitat and their examples and mnemonics

Found in the declaying wood, dam places parasites Mucor rhizopus albugo RAM

Ascomytes Is also called as which fungi

Sac fungi

Ascomytes grown on dung called as

Caprophilous

Ascomytes is decomposer and parsites

True

Albugo is parasites on 2

Mustard White rust of crucifers

Unicellular fungi yeast t is found in which division

Ascomytes

Examples of ascomytes (6)

Asparagus morals and truffles penicillium yeast neurospora Clavicle

Which fungi is used in a genetic work and belong to which division

Neurospora ascomytes

Edible delicacy of ascomytes are

Morals and truffles

Basidomytes also called as

Bracket fungi/puff body

Sex oragan in basiromycetes is present or absent

Absent

Examples of basiromyce and its pneumonic

Puccinia agaracuss(mushroom ) ustilgo Punjab agriculture University

Puccinia casues _

White rust

Ustilgo casues

Smut

Dueteromytes is also called as _ fungi Why

Imperfect fungi sexual spores absent

Examples of deteriomyceous

Collentatterichum Alternia Trichoderma CAT

Explanation of dikaryon stage

See notes

Lichen is found in a polluted rich area True or false

False becoz its a pollution indicator

Lichen is a mixture of ___and ___

Algae And fungi

Algael component in lichen is called

Phycobiant

The fungal component in lichen is called as

Mycobiant

In lichen which part is autotrophs thus provide food

Algael

Heterotrophic part of lichen which also provide shelter and water and mineral

Fungal

Viruses are ___ parasites

Obilgate ( always depends)

Viruses are ___ inside the host and ___ outside the host

Live Dead

Viruses are considered as living organisms

No virus dont have cellular structure

Viruses are non cellular organisms Take over the machinery of host Replicit and start killing host cells

True

Viruses are made up of ___

Nucleoproteins

Which part of the virus is infectious

Nucleic acid (dna or RNA)

Protein coats of viruses are called as ___ and made of many ---

Capsid Capseomer

Capseomer arranged itself into helical in which virus

TMV

Capseomer arranged in polyhedral in which viruses

Bateriophage

The term contagium vivum fluidium given by

Mw beejerink

First own to crystalliza virus

Stanley

Plant viruses have nucleic acid

Ss rna

Anime viruses have nucleic acid

Ds/ss rna Ds dna

Bateriophages have nucleic acid

Ds DNA

Viroids are made up of

Nucleic acid RNA only

Prions are made up of

Only protein

Virio_ds term is discovered by

T.oDeinere

Viroids cause which disease in plants

Potato spindle tuber disease

Viroids have low molecular weight Rna

True

Prions cause which disease in cattles and humans

Mad cow disease Cr jacob disease

Full form of BSE in cattle also called as mad cow disease

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in catle

BSE have analogous variant

Cjd

Mycorrhiza is formed by

Roots of highter plant and fungi

Mycoplasma can survive without /with oxygen

Without

___is also known as jokers of plant Kingdom

Mycoplasma

Protista reproduces sexually and sexually by process involving ___ and ___

Cell fusion and zygote formation

____can also show bio luminesce due to photogenic granules in cytoplasm hence they are also called as night light

Dinoflagellate

Some species of dinoflagulates are taken as a food by ___

Mussels

Euglenoids are Freshwater organisms found in __ water

Stagnet water

Slime mould can form a aggregation under suitable condition called as

Plasmodium

Example for slime mould is

Physarum

Protozoans are divided on the basis of ___ into 4 major groups

Locomotory organs

Nuclear dimorphism are shown by which protozoan

Ciliated protozoan

All sporozone are endoparasite

True

Locomotory organs in sporozone

Absent

Fungis are Cosmos pollutant

Means they can found in air water soil on animals and plants everywhere and the prefer to grow in warm and you need places

Kingdom fungi is divided into various classes depending upon

Morphology of mycelium mode of spore formation and furiting bodies

Casuta is a parasite

True

Eukaryotic chlorophyll containing organisms are called as

Plants

Life cycle of plants have a two distance pages the haploids sporophytic and a diploid gamo fighting the alternation with each other this phenomena is called is alternation of generation

True

The name virus was coined by scientist

Pasteur

Pirons are not affected by protease nucleases and UV rays

True