Biological Bases of Behavior

Question 1

Define: Inhibitory Effect

Answer 1

A neurotransmitter effect that makes it more likely that the receiving neuron will generate an action potential or fire

Question 2

A ganglion of the limbic system adjoining the temporal lobe of the brain and involved in emotions of fear and aggression.

Answer 2

Amygdala

Question 3

Define agonist

Answer 3

A drug that boosts neurotransmitters

Question 4

A neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction and affects learning and memory.

Answer 4

Acetylcholine

Question 5

Define corpus collosum

Answer 5

A wide bundle flat bundle of neural fibers beneath the cortex in the brain.

Question 6

Define corpus

Answer 6

The body of a person or animal

Question 7

Define the prefix collo-

Answer 7

A combining form meaning glue

Question 8

Define sum

Answer 8

Full amount or whole

Question 9

Inhibit-

Answer 9

To hold back; restrain

Question 10

-ory:

Answer 10

A place of or for

Question 11

Cerebellum

Answer 11

The “little brain” attached to the rear of the brain stream ; it helps coordinate voluntary movements and balance

Question 12

Cerebell-

Answer 12

Posterior part of brain.

Question 13

-um

Answer 13

Structure; tissue; thing

Question 14

Define hippocampus

Answer 14

Area deep in the forebrain that helps regulate emotion, learning, and memory.

Question 15

Prefix inter-

Answer 15

Between, among, together, during

Question 16

A neuron that transmits impulses between other neurons, especially as part of a reflex arc.

Answer 16

Interneurons

Question 17

First in order of importance.

Answer 17

Principal breakdown

Question 18

Central trunk of the mamailian brain.

Answer 18

Brainstem

Question 19

Define Refractory Period

Answer 19

The “recharging phase” during which a neuron after firing, it cannot generate action potential.

Question 20

Define Hormone

Answer 20

A chemical messenger produced by the endocrine glands and is circulated through the blood.

Question 21

Broca’s Area

Answer 21

A region in the frontal lobe of on of the hemispheres(usually the left) of the hominid brain with functions linked to speech production.

Question 22

Wernicke’s Area

Answer 22

One of two parts of the cerebral cortex linked to speech.

Question 23

Define excitatory effect

Answer 23

A neurotransmitter effect that makes it more likely that the receiving Neuron will generate an action potential or “fire”

Question 24

Define the suffix -ive

Answer 24

Expressing tendency, disposition, function or connection

Question 25

Define the suffix -tory

Answer 25

Place

Question 26

Define thalamus

Answer 26

Brain sensory switchboard located at the top of the brainstem

Question 27

Define Antagonist

Answer 27

A drug that blocks the effect of a Neurotransmitter

Question 28

Define the prefix Ant-

Answer 28

A variant of the prefix anti-

Question 29

Define the suffix -ist

Answer 29

A person who practices or is concerned with somthing

Question 30

Define Cerebral Cortex

Answer 30

Outer layer of the cerebrum associated with higher brain function.

Question 31

Suffix -al

Answer 31

Kind of, pertaining to or having the form of.

Question 32

Define axon terminal

Answer 32

The somewhat enlarged, often club-shaped endings by which axons make synaptic contacts with other nerve cells or with effector cells.

Question 33

Define central nervous system

Answer 33

The complex of nerve tissues that controls the activities of the body. In vertebrates it comprises the brain and spinal cord.

Question 34

Define temporal lobes

Answer 34

Each of the paired lobes of the brain lying beneath the temples, including areas concerned with the understanding of speech.

Question 35

Define parasympathetic division

Answer 35

Pertaining to that part of the autonomic nervous system consisting of nerves and ganglia that arise from the cranial and sacral regions and functions in opposition to the sympathetic system, as in inhabiting heartbeat or contracting the pupil of the eyes.

Question 36

Define MRI

Answer 36

A magnetic response imager is a procedure employing a scanner to obtain detailed sections of the body.

Question 37

Define all or none principle

Answer 37

An accepted or professed rule of action or conduct.

Question 38

Define neuron

Answer 38

A nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system

Question 39

Define the prefix para-

Answer 39

“At or to one side of, beside, or side by side.”

Question 40

Define sympathetic

Answer 40

Pertaining to the autonomic nervous system in its entirety.

Question 41

Define the suffix -ion

Answer 41

Denoting action or condition.

Question 42

Define axon

Answer 42

The appendage of the neuron that transmits impulses away from the cell body.

Question 43

Define the suffix -al

Answer 43

“Of the kind of, pertaining to, having the form or character of.”

Question 44

Define soma

Answer 44

The cell body of a neuron, which contains the nucleus and other parts that keep the cell healthy.

Question 45

Define autonomic nervous system

Answer 45

The part of the vertebrate nervous system that regulates involuntary action.

Question 46

Define the suffix -ic

Answer 46

Having some characteristics of.

Question 47

Define peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 47

The sensory and motor nerves that connect to the brain and the spinal cord to the rest of the body.

Question 48

Root- neuro

Answer 48

Nerve like

Question 49

Suffix- on

Answer 49

Pertaining to

Question 50

Prefix- peri

Answer 50

Surrounding

Question 51

Root- pher

Answer 51

To focus on

Question 52

Suffix- al

Answer 52

Of the kind of

Question 53

Define resting potential

Answer 53

The popularization of cellular fluid within a neuron, which provides the capability to produce an action potential.

Question 54

Define pituitary gland

Answer 54

In the brain, gland that secretes growth hormone and influences the secretion of hormones by other endocrine glands.

Question 55

Sympathetic division

Answer 55

The part of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body to deal with perceived threats.

Question 56

Axon

Answer 56

The extension of a neutron through which neural impulses are sent.

Question 57

Define- Dendrite

Answer 57

The branching extentions of a neuron that receive information and conduct impulses toward the cell body.

Question 58

Suffix: -ite

Answer 58

A leader

Question 59

Define- somatic nervous system

Answer 59

The division of the periphial nervous system that controls the body’s skeletal muscles

Question 60

Suffix: -ic

Answer 60

Forming adjectives from other parts of speech.

Question 61

Suffix: -ory

Answer 61

Joined to the bases of Latin origin in imitation of borrowed Latin words.

Question 62

Roots: sense

Answer 62

Any of the faculties, as sight, hearing, smell, taste, or touch, by which humans and animals perceive stimuli originating from outside or inside the body,

Question 63

Prefixes: hypo-

Answer 63

A prefix appearing in loanwords from Greek, where it meant “under” (hypostasis); on this model used, especially as opposed to hyper-, in the formation of compound words.