Biological and Social Theories of Aging

Question 1

Programmed Aging Theory

Answer 1

• “genetic clock”
• we live within limited space and time, which will eventually run out and we will die

Question 2

Mutation Theory

Answer 2

• non-programmed chromosomal issues that lead to loss of function or cancer

Question 3

Free Radical/ Oxidative Stress Theory

Question 4

Neuroendocrine Theory

Question 5

Wear and Tear Theory

Question 6

Disengagement Theory

Answer 6

older adults withdraw from personal relationships and society as they age

Question 7

Activity Theory

Answer 7

older adults are happiest when they stay active and maintain social interactions

Question 8

Continuity Theory

Answer 8

in making adaptive choices, middle-aged and older adults attempt to preserve and maintain existing internal and external structures

Question 9

Lifespan and Life Course Perspective

Answer 9

the importance of time, context, process, and meaning on human development and family life

Question 10

Primary Aging

Answer 10

process

Question 11

Secondary Aging

Answer 11

disease

Question 12

sarcopenia

Answer 12

loss of muscle mass

Question 13

immunosenescence

Answer 13

increased susceptibility to disease

Question 14

Medicare A

Answer 14

inpatient hospital services; hospital insurance

Question 14

Medicare B

Answer 14

outpatient hospital services; doctors services; services not covered in part A (OT, PT, HHC)
- cap is a set financial amount per year for all outpatient rehabilitation costs

Question 15

Medicare C

Answer 15

managed care, fee for service, medical savings accounts; private plans

Question 16

Medicare D

Answer 16

outpatient prescription drug coverage

Question 17

socioemotional selectivity theory

Answer 17

• adults become more selective of who they want to spend their time with

Question 18

selective optimization with compensation theory

Answer 18

• optimize function and compensate for their difficulties
• they spend time focusing on what is most important to them

Question 19

compression of morbidity theory

Answer 19

• the majority of chronic illnesses occur in older adults
• focuses on increases the “healthy” phase of the lifespan
• quality > quantity
• successful aging

Question 20

ethnocentrism

Answer 20

means to apply one’s own culture or ethnicity as a frame of reference to judge other cultures, practices, behaviors, beliefs, and people, instead of using the standards of the particular culture involved

Question 21

cultural pluralism

Answer 21

a condition in which minority groups participate fully in the dominant society, yet maintain their cultural differences

Question 22

cognitive style

Answer 22

information a person accepts or ignores in everyday life
- automatic/ subconscious

Question 23

associative processing

Answer 23

viewing through the lens of experience

Question 24

abstractive processing

Answer 24

view things through imagination or considering hypothetical situations

Question 25

geriatric depression scale

Answer 25

scored yes or no

Question 26

Beck’s Depression Inventory

Answer 26

scored 0-3

Question 27

comprehensive occupational therapy evaluation scale

Answer 27

COTE
- record observations or series of behaviors of a person engaged in a task
- 25 behaviors; rated 1-4