Biological

Question 1

Action Potential

Answer 1

neural impulse; brief electrical charge that travels down an axon

Question 2

Resting Potential

Answer 2

Positive charged ions outside membrane, negatively charged ions inside membrane

Question 3

Refractory Period

Answer 3

Period of inactivity after a neuron has fired

Question 4

Synapse

Answer 4

The space between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite/cell body of the receiving neuron.

Question 5

Neurotransmitter

Answer 5

When released by the sending neuron, they travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron, influencing whether that neuron will generate a neural impulse.

Question 6

Reuptake

Answer 6

Sending neuron reabsorbs the excess neurotransmitters

Question 7

Neuron

Answer 7

Nerve cell that carries electrical impulses

Question 8

Sensory/afferent neurons

Answer 8

Activated by sensory input

Question 9

Motor/efferent neurons

Answer 9

Transmit messages from brain and spinal cord and spinal cord to body

Question 10

Interneurons

Answer 10

Connect sensory and motor neurons

Question 11

Mirror neurons

Answer 11

Neuron that fires when mimicking behavior

Question 12

Receptor sites

Answer 12

Located on receiving neuron for transmitters to ¨land¨

Question 13

Presynaptic membrane

Answer 13

Part of the axon sending the message

Question 14

Postsynaptic membrane

Answer 14

Part of the dendrite receiving the message

Question 15

Depolorization

Answer 15

Loss of difference in charge between the inside and outside neuron

Question 16

Absolute threshold

Answer 16

Level of neurotransmitters required to fire a neuron

Question 17

Excitatory signals

Answer 17

Fires message to the next neuron (glutamate, norepinephrine)

Question 18

Inhibitory signals

Answer 18

Prevents message from traveling to the next cell (GABA, endorphins)

Question 19

Modulatory neurotransmitters

Answer 19

Can be both excitatory and inhibitory (serotonin, dopamine)