BIOLOG - 13.1 to 13.6 *Open-ended questions*

Question 1

What was Darwin’s phrase for evolution? What does it mean?

Answer 1

Descent with modification. An ancestral species could diversify into many descendant species by the accumulation of adaptation to various enviornments

Question 2

What type of animals do you think would be most represented in the fossil record? Explain your answer.

Answer 2

Animals with hard parts, such as shells or bones that readily fossilize, and those that lived in areas where sedimentary rock may form

Question 3

What is homology? How does the concept of homology relate to molecular biology?

Answer 3

Homology is similarity in different species due to evolution from a common ancestor. similarities in DNA sequences or proteins reflect the evolutionary relationship that is the basis of homolgy.

Question 4

Are crocodiles more closely related to lizards or birds?

Answer 4

Look for the most recent common ancestor of these groups. Crocodiles are more closely related to birds because they share a more recent common ancestor with birds (ancestor 5) than with lizards (ancestor 4)

Question 5

Compare artificial selection and natural selection

Answer 5

Natural selection cannot create beneficial traits on demand but instead “edits” variations in a population by selecting for individuals with those traits that are best suited to the current enviornment