Bioligy Revision

Question 1

Cancer

Answer 1

Cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell growth and division

Question 2

Benign

Answer 2

Non cancerous

Grows until there is no more room to grow

Question 3

Malignant

Answer 3

Cancerous
Spreads to neighbouring healthy cells
Causes second tumours

Question 4

Risk factors of cancer

Answer 4

Something that increases the risk of getting cancer

Question 5

Smoking

Answer 5

Lung
Oral areas
Bowel
Stomach
Cervical

Question 6

Obesity

Answer 6

Bowel
Liver
Kidney

Question 7

Uv exposure

Answer 7

Uv radiation

Skin cancer

Question 8

Viral infection

Answer 8

Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Liver

Question 9

Salivary glands

Answer 9

These produce amylase enzyme in the saliva

Question 10

Gullet

Answer 10

Oesophagus

Question 11

Stomach

Answer 11

It pummels food with its muscular walls
It produces the protease enzyme pepsin
It produces hydrochloric acids for two reasons
To kill bacteria
To give the correct pH for the protease to work at its best

Question 12

Liver

Answer 12

Where bile is produced

Bile neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fat

Question 13

Gall Bladder

Answer 13

Where bullies is stored before it is released into the small intestine

Question 14

Pancreas

Answer 14

Produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes

It releases these into the small intestine

Question 15

Large intestine

Answer 15

Where excess water is absorbed from the food

Question 16

Small intestine

Answer 16

Produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes to complete digestion
This is also where the food is absorbed out of the digestive system into the blood

Question 17

Rectum

Answer 17

Where the faeces (made up mainly of indigestible foods) are stored before they bid you a fond farewell through the ANUS

Question 18

Nucleus

Answer 18

Contains genetic materials that controls the activities of the cell

Question 19

Mitochondria

Answer 19

Aerobic respiration to produce energy

Question 20

Cytoplasm

Answer 20

Gel like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen. Contains enzymes that control chemical reactions

Question 21

Cell membrane

Answer 21

Holds the cell together and controls what goes on and out

Question 22

Ribosomes

Answer 22

Where proteins are made

Question 23

Cell wall

Answer 23

Made of cellulose which supports the cell and strengthens it

Question 24

Vacuole

Answer 24

Contains sap and week solutions of sugar and salt

Question 25

Chloroplasts

Answer 25

Where photosynthesis occurs. It’s a green substance called chlorophyll which absorbs the light

Question 26

Pieces of a microscope

Answer 26

Eyepiece 
Course Adjustment knob
Fine adjustment knob
Light
Stage
High and low power objective lenses

Question 27

Formula for magnification

Answer 27

Magnification =image size/real size
Example
100* 50=5000um
=5mm