BIOL 1407 Prac 2 Flashcards by Emily Riley

Non-Vascular Plants Phylums

Hepatophyta, Anthocerophyta, Bryophyta

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Vascular Plants Phylums

Lycophyta, Psilotophyta, Sphenophyta, Pterophyta

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Seed Plants/ Gymnosperms Phylums

Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, Gnetophyta, Coniferophyta

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Flowering Plants/ Angiosperm Phyla

Magnoliophyta/ Anthophyta

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Fungi Kingdom Phylums

Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota

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Hepatophyta

liverworts

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Anthocerophyta

hornworts

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Bryophyta

mosses

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Lycophyta

Lycopodium (club mosses), Selaginella (spike mosses), quillworts

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Psilotophyta

Wisk fern

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Sphenophyta

horsetails

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Pterophyta

ferns

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Cycadophyta

cycads

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Ginkgophyta

ginkgos

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Gnetophyta

Gnetum, Welwitschia, Ephedra

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Coinferophyta

conifers

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Chytridiomycota

chytrids

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Zygomycota

bread molds

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Glomeromycota

mycorrhizae

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Ascomycota

Sac fungi, and lichen component

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Basidiomycota

Club fungi

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key characteristics of non-vascular plants

1) NO seeds, flowers or fruits
2) NO vascular tissues: (xylem and phloem)
3) NO true roots, stems and leaves
4) Depend on water for reproduction
5) Small, live in dark and damp places
6) Transport water and other nutrients from cell to cell via osmosis
7) Gametophyte dominant (n)

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Distinguish between sporophyte and gametophyte generations in seedless vascular plants

okay

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Xylem function

conducts water and dissolved minerals

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Phloem Function

conducts nutrients (sucrose, hormones, and other molecules)

Marchantia

Liverwort, Thalloid (lacks midrib & flatten into a single plane)

Antheridial Receptacles give rise to

sperm

Archegonia Receptacles give rise to

Egg

Common name of Sphagnum

Peat Moss (Bryophyta)

Importance of Sphagnum

water absorbance

What is the dominant generation in the life cycle of the seedless vascular plants?

Sporophyte generation is dominant

Distinguish between sporophyte and gametophyte generations in seedless vascular plants.

okay

Gametophyte is the...

Organism

Gametangium is the...

organ

Gametes is the...

cell

heterosporous

makes two different types of spores

homosporous

makes one type of spore

Two different types of gametangia

Antheridia & Archegonia

Archegonia makes

egg

Antheridia makes

sperm

Selaginella: Homosporous or heterosporous?

heterosporous

Lycopodium: Homosporous or heterosporous?

homosporous

Monocot

- petals in multiples of 3 - parallel leaf venation - one cotyledon

Eudiocot

- petals in multiples of 4 or 5 - netlike leaf venation - two cotyledons

What is a ripened ovary commonly called?

Fruit

What is a ripened ovule commonly called?

Seed

Parts of a Pistil/ Carpel

Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule

Parts of a Stamen

Anther & Filament

Parts of a Perianth

Calyx & Corolla

Calyx

all sepals

Corolla

all petals

Iodine & Starch

- mature eudicots lack endosperm because the cotyledons absorb carbohydrates during development - mature monocot seeds (corn) have both endosperm and one cotyledon - endosperm (food source with carbs/starch) stains blu/blk -pericarp/embryo remains white

Mature eudicot seeds seen in lab (kidney bean, peanut) lack endosperm because....

the cotyledons absorbs those carbohydrates during development

Mature monocot seeds (corn) have....

both endosperm and a single cotyledon

What portion of the corn kernel turns blue/black? Why? Where is it?

Endosperm: food source with carbs/starch; outer

What molecule is iodine testing for?

starch

Which portion of the corn kernel remains white? Where is it?

Embryo: uses the nutrients; center

Is corn a eudicot or monocot?

monocot

Immature seeds

Have endosperm and cotyledons

Mature seeds

absorb the cotyledon; ID: cotyledon, epicotyl, radicle

3 plant organs

roots, stems, leaves

3 Tissues

dermal, vascular, ground

Stele

eudicot; all vascular

Stem Modifications

- Stolons/ Runners - Rhizomes - Tubers - Corms - Thorms

Fungi Phyla

Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Asomycota, Basidomycota

Chytridiomycota common name

chytrids

Zygomycota common name

bread molds

Glomeromycota common name

mycorrhizae

Basidiomycota common name

Club Fungi

Ascomycota common name

sac fungi and linchen component

List defining characteristics of chytrids.

flagellated spores/basal

Chytridiomycosis

Fungal infection to tad poled and frogs caused by chytrids

Sexual structure of Rhizopus, a Zygomycota

zygosporangium

Glomeromycota has...

arbuscular/endotrophic mycorrhizae

Arbuscular mycorrhizae

within cell wall

Ectotrophic Mycorrhizae

around cell wall

Asomycota Sexual Structures

Ascocarp, Asci, Ascospores

Asomycota Asexual Structures

Conidiophore, Conidia

This fungus can associate with a photosynthetic organism to form lichen

Asomycota

components of a lichen

Ascomycete & Photosynthetic partner (protection)

Three types of lichens

Crustose Foliose Fruticose