Bioinformatics

Question 1

What kind of data is used for translational bioinformatics?

Answer 1

Sequences
Structures
Networks

Question 2

What is the FASTA format?

Answer 2

It’s used for proteins and nucleic acids
Most common and standard sequence format

Question 3

How is FASTA structured.

Answer 3

Comment line identified by > symbol
Sequence
Optional end sequence * symbol

Question 4

What is FASTQ?

Answer 4

This format derived from FASTA and it is applied for the sequences generated from massive parallel sequencing

Question 5

What does FASTQ contain?

Answer 5

Four lines:
- Starts with @ symbol, contain identifier and description
- raw sequence letters
- optional starts with + symbol and may contain the same description as 1
- encodes the quality values for each letter in line 2, must have an equal number of characters

Question 6

What catalogues are used for bioinformatics?

Answer 6

NAR - nucleic acids research

Question 7

Give integrated search engine that can be used

Answer 7

NCBI search
EBI

Question 8

What are genome browsers?

Answer 8

System to navigate and visualise genomes and their annotations
Complex views using great amounts of information
Integrates phenotypical and molecular information
Allows customised views of different tracks

Question 9

What tools are used during bioinformatics?

Answer 9

BLAST
basic local alignment search tool

Question 10

What characteristics can BLAST look for?

Answer 10

Local alignments
Alignments with gaps
Rapid heuristic