BIOETHICS Flashcards
How we make judgements in regard to right or wrong.
ETHICS
Rules of action or conduct , having bound legal force.
LAW
Emanates from judicial decisions
COMMON LAW
Arises from legislative bodies
STATUTORY LAW
Flows from rules and regulations
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Flows from rules and regulations
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Person who brings an action in a court law
PLAINTIFF
Person whom against an action is brought
DEFENDANT
Legally sufficient to establish a case
PRIMA FACIE
What is the Highest Court?
SUPREME COURT
It is a neutral third party
ARBITRATION
Inner subjective set of feelings
WORLD VIEW OR VALUE SYSTEMS
Unbridgeable gap between fact and value
HUME’S LAW
He created a value development
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
KOHLBERG STAGE OF MORAL REASONING
Punishment/disobedience
PRECONVENTIONAL
Please others (age 7-12)
CONVENTIONAL
Personal conscience (age 12 above)
POSTCONVENTIONAL
It was popularized in the 1970s and 1980s by sociologist Morris Massey
GENERATIONAL THEORY
It a thoughts, feelings, opinions and beliefs.
WORLD VIEW SYSTEMS
Is ought the same, individual devoid of other regarding impulses
HEDONISTIC VALUE SYSTEM
Try to adopt or listen to standpoint
STANDPOINT THEORY
THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC LAW
deals with relationship between citizen and citizen.
PRIVATE LAW
Relationships between private parties and the government.
PUBLIC LAW
healthcare providers practice and licensure acts.
STATUTORY LAW
It is a rules , regulations, orders and decisions created by administrative agencies.
ADMINISTRATIVE LAWS
Prohibits conduct injurious to public orders and provides for punishment.
CRIMINAL LAW
Regulates relations of nations to each other.
INTERNATIONAL LAW
Tells us what is right and wrong , good and evil.
VALUES
Judge rightness or wrongness, the right thing to do is the good thing to do.
TELEOLOGICAL (CONSEQUENCE ORIENTED)THEORIES
Who are the father of UTILITARIANISM?
JEREMY BENTHAM AND JOHN STUART MILL
Decision based on possible alternatives of action.
ACT OF UTILITARIANISM
Action deemed to be right
RULE UTILITARIANISM
DEONTOLOGICAL (DUTY-ORIENTED) THEORIES
Basic rightness or wrongness of acts
DUTY- ORIENTED THEORIES
Based on him Morality derived from rationality, not from experience.
IMMANUEL KANT
Command derived from principle
IMPERATIVE
Focus on characteristics, traits, or virtues a good person
VALUE ETHICS
Existence of legal duty from defendant to plaintiff
TORT ACTION
Unintentional commission or ommission of act a person would
NEGLIGENCE
COMMON FORMS OF NEGLIGENCE
Execution of unlawful or improper act.
MALFEASANCE
Improper performance of act.
MISFEASANCE
Failure to perform an act
NONFEASANCE
Reckless disregard for safety of another
CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE
No physical contact, verbally cursing or threatening someone
ASSAULT
Offensive touching and bodily injury
BATTERY
DEFAMATION OF CHARACTER
written defamation, harmed reputation of others
LIBEL
Spoken or oral defamation
SLANDER
Illegal confinement against individual
FALSE IMPRISONMENT
It is not for health care reason for examining patient’s record
INVASION OF PRIVACY
Binds both health practitioner and patient
VERACITY
It is an acts of mercy and Charity
BENEFICENCE
Not to inflict evil or harm
NON-MALIFIECNCE
secondary effects may be foreseen but can never be intended outcomes.
PRINCIPLE OF DOUBLE EFFECT
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND RIGHTS
Equated to the law of god such as golden role.
NATURAL RIGHTS
Universal moral rights exist prior to and independent
NATURAL LIBERTIES
All humans equally separated from beasts of the field , positive rights.
HUMANS RIGHTS
Duties of perfect obligation, Duties of imperfect obligation, Moral rights.
JOHN STUART MILL
Force or mechanism for selection or bargain reached by initial agents
CONTRACTARIAN THEORY
Living in the state of nature do not come to the tables as equals
HOBBESIAN MODEL
Original position, veil of ignorance, seen in the fair opportunity rule.
JOHN RAWLS
