Bioenergetics - Respiration

Question 1

What is respiration?

Where does it occur?

Answer 1

The process of releasing energy stored in glucose.

In the mitochondria of cells

Question 2

What is “aerobic” and “anaerobic” respiration?

Answer 2

Aerobic = when you have oxygen present

Anaerobic = when there is no oxygen present

Question 3

What is the equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 3

Question 4

What is the difference between photosynthesis and aerobic respiration?

Answer 4

Photosynthesis requires energy from light, whereas aerobic respiration doesn’t.

Question 5

Aerobic respiration is an exothermic reaction, what does this mean?

Answer 5

When the products have less energy than the reactants, so the reaction releases energy to its surroundings (opposite to endothermic).

Question 6

What is the energy released from glucose in respiration used for?

Answer 6

It is converted into:

1) Thermal energy to keep an organism warm
2) A chemical store of energy available for reactions and processes, such as movement.

Question 7

When does anaerobic respiration occur?

Answer 7

When you cannot breathe quickly enough to supply all your cells with oxygen, e.g.: when running.

Question 8

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 8

Only 5% of the energy (compared to aerobic respiration) is released.

Question 9

What does lactic acid (the product of anaerobic respiration) cause?

Answer 9

Muscle cramp. This causes the muscle to fatigue and stop contracting efficiently.

Question 10

Therefore, what are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Answer 10

• Aerobic respiration only occurs when there’s oxygen , anaerobic occurs without oxygen
• Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide and water, anaerobic produces lactic acid
• Anaerobic respiration only releases 5% of the energy aerobic respiration does.
• Aerobic respiration happens when we’re resting, anaerobic when we’re exercising

Question 11

When you stop exercising you have “oxygen debt”, what is this?

Answer 11

When you owe your body oxygen, so you breathe quickly and deeply to get as much oxygen back to your body. After a few minutes, your breathing returns to normal.

Question 12

What reaction must occur when you are breathing heavily during oxygen debt?

What kind of reaction is this?

Answer 12

Lactic acid must react with new oxygen so it is removed from the body (as it is harmful). This occurs in the liver.

An oxidation reaction.