Bioenergetics 1

Question 1

starting fuels are also known as

Answer 1

substrates (fats, proteins, carbs)

Question 2

internal (biological) work includes

Answer 2

things that take energy

• ion trafficking across membrane
• regulating calcium levels
• actin-myosin levels
• protein synthesis

Question 3

what are metabolic pathways for?

Answer 3

creating a link from food energy to ATP production

Question 4

energy yielding

Answer 4

exergonic - catabolic

Question 5

energy requiring

Answer 5

endergonic - anabolic

Question 6

oxidation

Answer 6

lose an electron

Question 7

reduction

Answer 7

gain an electron

Question 8

oxidation and reduction rxn are ______

Answer 8

coupled - one cannot occur without the other

Question 9

H+ is the ______ agent

Answer 9

reducing

Question 10

NAD and FAD are in ______ state

Answer 10

oxidized state (no H+)

Question 11

redox reactions are catalyzed by ______

Answer 11

enzymes (i.e., dehydrogenase)

Question 12

allosteric

Answer 12

the ability to regulate enzyme activity

Question 13

enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the ____________

Answer 13

activation energy

Question 14

enzymes can speed up reactions by

Answer 14

1000x

Question 15

the first or second enzyme in the pathway is typically the _____ ______ enzyme

Answer 15

rate determining/limiting (allosteric)

Question 16

end product inhibition

Answer 16

one way of controlling the pathway - having the product “talk to” the rate determining enzyme

Question 17

enzyme substrate

Answer 17

makes a temporary change to the enzyme shape so the activation site can be used

Question 18

which reaction is faster? catalyzed or non catalyzed

Answer 18

catalyzed

Question 19

enzymes work to _____ catalytic rate by _____ the activation energy

Answer 19

increase, decrease

Question 20

do enzymes change the amount of energy released by the reaction?

Answer 20

no, they just speed up the rate it occurs. Enzymes are not consumed in the rxn

Question 21

active site

Answer 21

binding site, to then be converted into something else

Question 22

increase in temperature ______ enzyme activity

Answer 22

increase

Question 23

change in pH can ______ enzyme activity

Answer 23

increase or decrease

Question 24

when you break this bond energy is released

Answer 24

third phosphate in ATP chain

Question 25

after ATP hydrolysis you are left with

Answer 25

ADP + Pi (Pi must go off to be recharged)