Biodiversity - Unit 3, Topic 1 Flashcards
What is Biodiversity?
The variety of animal and plant life within an ecosystem.
What is Genetic diversity?
The different genes within a species (gene pool)
What is Ecosystem diversity?
The different ecosystems within a particular location.
What is Species diversity?
The different species within an ecosystem.
What is Species Richness? What is the Formula?
The number of species present in an ecosystem.
S = s/√N
What is Relative Species Abundance? (Eveness)
Number of Individuals present for each species.
(Ecosystem is considered healthier, if species are similar in # (more even)).
What is Percentage cover?
Estimate of percentage of a quadrat that a species is occupying.
What is Percentage frequency?
The proportion of quadrats that contained a particular species.
What is the Simpson’s Diversity Index (SDI)?
What is the formula.
The measure of diversity.
It gives the probability that two randomly selected individuals belong to different species.
Closer to 0 = less diversity
Closer to 1 = more diversity
SDI = 1 − Σn(n − 1)/N(N − 1)
What are the 3 types of species interactions?
Predation, competition, and symbiosis.
What is Predation?
When species A kills/eats species B
What is Competition? What are the two types of competition?
When 2 or more individuals compete for the same resources in the same area.
Intraspecific = individuals of the same species.
Interspecific = individuals of different species.
What is Symbiosis?
A relationship where both species mutually benefit.
What is spatial scale? What are the 3 types of spatial scale?
How much area an ecosystem covers.
1. Micro-level ecosystem: specific local area.
2. Meso-level ecosystem: areas WITHIN the ocean/continent.
3. Macro-level ecosystem: areas covering whole oceans or countries/continents.
What is Temporal scale? What are the 3 types of Temporal scales?
The period of time an ecosystem is studied.
- short-term: 24 hours
- Mid-term: Seasonal
- Long-term: Years
