Biodiversity intro Flashcards
what are the 3 types of biodiveristy?
not examples, types of diverisity
Ecological, genetic, organismal
definition of ecological diversity
the variety of places life exists
examples of ecological diversity
biomes, bioregions, landscapes, ecostystems, habitats, niches, populations
definition of genetic diversity
variation on the componants of genetic code that make up organisms
examples of genetic diversity
5
populations, individuals, chromosomes, genes, nucleotides
definition of organismal diversity
Variation in whole organisms, like phylogenetics and characteristics
examples of organismal diversity
9
kingdoms, phyla, classes, families, genera, species, subspecies, populalations, individuals
what catagory falls into all 3 types of biodiversity?
populations
species definition
can breed to make fertile offspring
when can finding out an animals species be difficult?
when looking at fossils
what is the unit of organismal biodiverity
species
what are the classifications of an organism
- domain
- kingdom
- phylum
- class
- order
- family
- genus
- species
what part of classification do you write in italics?
genus, species (latin names)
what causes evolution
natural selection
acronym for natural selection
link to alevel
MASSRIFT
what is a studied example of natuarl selection?
what, where, who, why, what changed
- darwins finches
- Galapagos islands
- Charles darwin
- they have evolved specific adaptations for the different food and environments on the islands - like their beaks changing shape
how did evolution occur in the galapagos finches?
MASSRIFT flow
- The finches ancestral bird ate seeds, offspring had a mutation for finer beak
- Offspring with a mutation for a finer bill, were better at catching insects
- so could eat more as there was less competition for insects.
- Wlt over time the warbler finch becoming a new species.
how are evolutionary relationships found?
Paleontological evidence, looking at the appearance of fossil record
what are the oldest fossils of unicellular organisms?
what and when
primeval philum amino, 3.5 billion years ago
what are primeval philum amino?
what and where
filamentous microbes that belong to archaea, lived in hydrothermal vents in w. Australia
what is the oldest multicellular organims?
what and when
fungi, 1 billion years ago
how old is the oldest animal fossil?
600 million years old
why is information from the cambrain period limited?
diversity occurred over short time and not all fossils survived, so we can only get info from a few fossils
what is the cambrain explosion?
what and when
Sudden diversification that occurred 540 million years ago