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Yr 11 Triple Environment > Biodiversity and pollution > Flashcards

Biodiversity and pollution Flashcards

1
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

The variety of different species of organisms on

Earth or within an ecosystem.

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2
Q

Why are ecosystems more stable when there is high biodiversity?

A

Reduces the dependence of one specis on another for food, shelter and mainatance of the physical environment

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3
Q

Name an ecosystem that has high biodiversity?

A

Deciduous woodland

Tropical rainforest.

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4
Q

Name an ecosystem that has low biodiversity?

A

Arctic

Desert

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5
Q

Name three sources of water pollution

A

Sewage

Fertilisers

Toxic chemcials

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6
Q

Describe the effects of adding fertiliser or sewage into water

A

Sewage/fertiliser contains high concentrations of minerals eg nitrates

Causes aquatic plants to grow quickly (algal bloom)

Blocks light getting to lower plants

Plants die and sink

Decomposers/bacteria numbers increase to decompose the dead material

Reduces oxygen concentration in water

Fish and other animal suffocate

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7
Q

Describe the effects of burning fossil fuels on the atmosphere

A

Increases amount of carbon dioxide

Releases sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

Releases smoke

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8
Q

Describe how increasing carbon dioxide in the atmpshere can

affect plants and animals

A

Leads to global warming

Change in rainfall

Increase in temperature

Loss of habitat

Increased compeition

Migration of animals towards poles

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9
Q

Describe how adding smoke to the atmpshere can affect plants and animals

A

Causes the formation of smog

Covers leaves in layer of dust

Reduces amount of light reachng the ground

Reduces photosynthesis as less light absorrbed

Causes breathing difficulties

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10
Q

Describe how adding acidic gases to the atmpshere can

affect plants and animals

A

Releases sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

Leads to acid rain

Decreases the pH of streams, rivers and lakes

Results in death of aquatic plants and animals

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11
Q

Describe the effects of adding toxic chemicals to water

A

Kills plants and animals in the water

Increases compeition for food

Reduces water availabilty for humans

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12
Q

Name two sources of pollution on land

A

Landfill

Toxic chemicals

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13
Q

Give 4 ways in which human reduce the amount of land available for other animals and plants

A

Quarrying

Building

Faming

Dumping waste

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14
Q

Name the ecosystem showin in the photograph

A

Peat bog

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15
Q

How is peatbog ecosystem destroyed by human actibity?

A

Peat is cut and dried for human use

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16
Q

What is peat used for?

A

Peat compost

Fuel

17
Q

What effect does burning peat have on the environment?

A

Reduces the biodiiversity

Fewer plants, animals and microrganisms present

Burning peat releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

18
Q

State what is happening in the photograph

A

Deforestation

19
Q

Why are trees cut down in tropical areas?

A

Provide land for cattle

Provide space for rice fiields

Grwo crops for biofuels

20
Q

Deforestation increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Give three reasons why.

A

Burning
Increased decompotision by microbes
Less photosynthesis

21
Q

Name two greenhouse gases

A

Methane
Carbon dioxide

22
Q

Name two human activities that increase the amount of

carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

A

Burning fossil fuels

Deforestttion

23
Q

Name two human activities that increase the amount of methane in the atmosphere?

A

Growing rice in paddy fields,

Intensively farming cattle.

24
Q

Give 3 consequences of global warming

A

Melting ice caps

Rising sea levels

Flooding

Climate change (changes in rain fall, temperature)

25
Q

How might increased temperatures, caused by global warming, impact

animals

A

Aminal migration towards poles to find habitats with suitable temperatures

Tropical diseases become more common in areas such as Europe

Loss of habitat (eg ice caps)

Species may become extinct

26
Q

How might flooding, caused by global warming, impact

animals and plants

A

Low lying areas flooded

Habitats destroyed.

Increased competition for resources

27
Q

What programmes are in place to increase biodiversity?

A
  1. Breeding programmes
  2. Protection and regeneration of of rare habitats.
  3. Reduction of deforestation by some governments
  4. Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions by some governments
  5. Reintroduction of field margins and hedgerows on farm land
  6. Recycling resources
28
Q

Describe how the introduciton of hedgerow and field margins can inrease biodiversity on farmland

A

Increased number of plant species added to ecosystem

Increased number of animal species

Increasd number of predators to remove pests from crops

29
Q

How does recycling resources increase biodiversity

A

Fewer resources needed by increasing human popualtion

Reduced use of landfill sites

Less pollution from landfill sites

Yr 11 Triple Environment (2 decks)

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