Biodiversity And Classification Flashcards
South Africa has the … highest level of biodiversity
Third highest
What are the 3 endemic species in South Africa ?
The riverine rabbit , the cape sugarbirds and the Disa plant
Name the three areas that are recognized as biodiversity hotspots
The cape floral region , succulent Karoo and the maputaland-pondoland-Albany
What does UNESCO Stand for
United Nations educational scientific and cultural organization l
What are the groups in which organisms are classified
Taxa
What is the formal scientific classification of organisms
Taxonomy
Who made the two kingdom system and when
Carl Linnaeus and in 1758
Who developed the 7 hierarchical system
Carl Linnaeus
Who developed the 5 kingdom system and when
Robert Whitaker and in 1969
Organisms can be divided into two groups according to their cell structure, what are these two groups?
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Name the characteristics of prokaryotes
- do not have a true nuclei
- not enclosed by a nuclear membrane so it floats freely in the cytoplasm
- no true organelles occur in the cytoplasm
- Bacteria is prokaryotes
Characteristics of eukaryotes
- have a true nuclei
- DNA is enclosed in a nuclear membrane and therefore occurs in the nucleus
- true organelles occur in the cytoplasm
- Protista , fungi , plantae and animalia are eukaryotes
Name the characteristics of kingdom monera
- bacteria is unicellular
- are prokaryotes
- bacterium cell is surrounded by cell wall
- some bacteria is autotrophic
Name the 3 types of heterotrophic bacteria
- Parasitic - one suffers one benefits
- Saprophytic- dependent on dead organic matter
- Mutulastic- live together in harmony
How do moneras reproduce ?
Asexually by means of binary fission
Name the 3 groups of Protista
Protozoa-animal like , unicellular,heterotrophic
Algae - plant like , autotrophic
Slime mounds and water mobiles - fungus like
What are the characteristics of Protists?
They’re usually unicellular unlike algae which is multicellular
- are eukaryotic
- move by cyclosis , cilia or flagella
- live in moist areas thatswhy most live in aquatic biomes
How do protists reproduce ?
Asexually through binary fission except algae
Name 3 types of fungi
Mushrooms, yeast and Mould
What are the characteristics of fungi?
Yeasts are unicellular
Mushrooms and Moulding are multicellular
- are eukaryotic
-have cell walls of cellulose and chitin
-mould and mushrooms are saprophytic
- fungus are parasites
How does unicellular fungi reproduce ?
Asexually by binary fission
How does multicellular fungi reproduce ?
Asexually by means of spores or sexually by means of gametes
Name the types of plants :
Byrophytes - losses , liveworts,hornworts
Pteridophytes-ferns
Angiosperms - flowering plants
Gymnosperms-conifers , cycads
Characteristics of plantae
Multicelluar
Eukaryotic
Have cell walls of cellulose
Most plants are autotrophic
How do they reproduce ?
Asexually by spores or sexual by means of female and male gametes
Characteristics of animalia
Are eukaryotic
Don’t have cell walls
Multicelluar
Are heterotrophic
How does animalia reproduce ?
Asexually but mostly sexually through female and male gametes
