Biodiversity and Cladistics Flashcards
Generally defined to describe the variety of life on Earth at all its aspects and form, from genetic relation in phylogeny to biomes.
Biodiversity (Biological Diversity)
It is basically the number and relative richness of species found in a given particular location.
Species Diversity
Coldest Biome
Tundra
Most Common Land Species in the Philippines.
Tropical Forests
Also known as a major life zone, is an area that includes communities of plants and animals that have a common adaptation to that particular environment.
Biome
Number of different species present in an ecosystem.
Species Richness
Relative abundance of individuals of each of those species.
Species Evenness
What are the two Constituents of Species diversity?
- Species Richness
- Species Evenness
Name the five natural factors that effect diversity.
- Geography
- Adaptation/Evolution
- Relative Niche/Competition
- Immigration
- Predation
Species diversity or biodiversity is affected by the unit of area a group of species or biomes species resides.
Geography
Adaptation of traits or losing them to favour their location to further their goal to survive.
Adaptation/Evolution
Species needs energy to survive but species has a role or part to play in a certain ecosystem.
Relative Niche/Competition
Species travel and make a biogeography of species throughout the earth diversifying the biosphere.
Immigration
The species cannot maintain its number eventually leads to erasure of the species in the biodiversity of our biosphere.
Predation/Extinction
Name the four Man-Made factors that effect diversity.
- Habitat Destruction
- Over Poaching
- Invasive Species
- Over Domestication
The examples of this are deforestation, dynamite fishing and pollution.
Habitat Destruction
Species of any kind of living organism—an amphibian (like the cane toad), plant, insect, fish, fungus, bacteria, or even an organism’s seeds or eggs—that is not native to an ecosystem and causes harm.
Invasive Species
A mass depopulation of endemic species because of too much hunting.
Over Poaching
Ex. Production of pig farms
Over Domestication
Quantitative measure that reflects how many different type of species in a community.
Biodiversity Index
System of taxonomy in which the organisms are classified into clades (groups) based on collective characteristics and having common ancestry.
Cladistics
The methodology used in cladistics involves –, –, and –.
- Genetic
- Molecular
- Anatomical quantity of organisms
Used as a visual illustration of proposed evolutionary relationships among taxa.
Phylogenetic Tree/Cladogram
