Biodiversity Flashcards
Key benefits of biodiversity
Ecosystem Stability and Resilience
Ecosystem Services
Economic Benefits
Genetic Resources
Aesthetic and Cultural Value
This protocol is an agreement which aims to ensure the safe handling, transport, and use of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from the modern biotechnology that may have adverse effects on biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health.
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
Another controversy surrounding GMOs involves their _____________. One Green Planet cites the impact of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) crops on non target species as a potential problem.
Impact on the environment
It states that GMOs currently available are no more likely to cause health problems than traditional foods, but it also states that foods need to be assessed on a case-by-case basis. They also report that no allergic effects have been found in GMOs on the market, and the possibility of gene transfers and out crossing are low, though precautions are encouraged.
World Health Organization (WHO)
This company is known for producing GMO foods like the Roundup Ready corn, Roundup Ready soy, alfalfa, canola, cotton, and sorghum, genetically modifying corn, soybeans, and cotton in order to make those crops more resistant to insects.
Monsanto Company
It is a laboratory process of joining together the DNA molecules from two different species into a one molecule. The resulting DNA molecule is inserted into a genes of an unrelated plant or animal or host organism to produce new genetic combinations that are of value to science, medicine, agriculture, and industry.
Recombinant DNA technology
Because genetic engineering involves the transfer of genes, GMOs are also known as __________ organisms.
transgenic
An organism whose genetic material has been altered using techniques in genetics generally known as recombinant DNA method (also called gene splicing), gene modification, or transgenic technology
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)
It is a technique that allows genes and DNA to be transferred from one source to another. It leads to the production of living modified organisms (LMOs) or genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
Genetic Engineering (GE)
The module titled “Law and policy of relevance to the management of plant genetic resources” define _____________ as a field that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for a specific use; the use of living organisms to make other products, to improve animals or to develop microbes
Biotechnology
It is one of the activities for the International Year of Biodiversity; a multi-year global campaign that gives children and young people the chance to raise awareness about biodiversity and the need to reduce its loss.
Green Wave
The _______________________ focuses on boosting awareness of biodiversity’s importance by promoting actions to foster biodiversity worldwide. Various partners have committed to actively participating in or organizing activities and projects for this year-long event.
International Year of Biodiversity
The United Nations’ (UN) declared ______ to be the International Year of Biodiversity, to raise awareness of the importance of biodiversity worldwide.
2010
The father of taxonomy
Carl Linnaeus
Usually refers to the theory and practice of describing,
naming and classifying living things
Taxonomy
A branch of science that studies all aspects of biodiversity
with the goal of conserving natural resources
Conservation Biology
A method in which breeding of new and endangered plants/animals in controlled conditions
Ex-situ conservation
A method in which the species are conserved in their natural ecosystems and are protected
In-situ conservation
Two methods in the conservation of biodiversity
In-situ and Ex-situ conservation
[Type of diversity]
it is the way species behave, obtain food and use the natural resources of an ecosystem; in general a species-rich ecosystem is presumed to have high functional diversity, because there are many species with many different behaviors
Functional diversity
[Type of diversity]
variations in the ecosystems of regions
Ecological diversity
[Type of diversity]
genetic variations within a species; it describes how closely related the members of one species are in a given ecosystem. In simple terms, if all members have many similar genes, the species have low genetic diversity.
Genetic diversity
[Type of diversity]
number of the different species found in location; every ecosystem contains a unique collection of species, all interacting with each other. A large number of species can help an ecosystem recover from ecological threats, even if some species go extinct
Species diversity
Four types of biodiversity
- Species diversity
- Genetic diversity
- Ecological/Ecosystem diversity
- Functional diversity
