Biodiversity Flashcards
What is species biodiversity?
-variety of species within a given area
What is habitat biodiversity?
-variety of habitats within a given area
What is genetic biodiversity?
-variety of alleles within a species
What is species richness?
-number of species in a given habitat
What is species evenness?
-number of individuals of each species in a given habitat
Why are both richness and evenness needed to calculate Simpsons Index?
-both evenness and richness are needed to reveal dominance
What are the different sampling types?
- random: chosen at random, representative
- opportunistic: those first are chosen, most convenient, not representative
- stratified: divided into groups based on characteristics and randomly sampled, representative
- systematic: chosen at specific intervals, representative
What is the importance of sampling?
-time-consuming, impossible to count every organism, sample is an estimate, representative of whole area
What is the Simpsons Index of Diversity?
- total number of organisms compared to the total number of organisms of each species
- high index means high biodiversity, vice-versa
What are factors affecting biodiversity?
- human population growth
- agriculture(monoculture/deforestation)
- climate change
What are the reasons for maintaining biodiversity?
- organisms right to live
- aesthetic reasons(look nice)
- economical reasons(tourism, maintain resource)
- maintaining genetic diversity
- impact on food chains
Examples of in-situ conservation
- marine conservation zones
- wildlife reserves
Examples of ex-situ conservation
- seed banks
- botanic gardens
- zoos
