Biochemistry Quiz Study Guide_KEY Flashcards
What is an atom?
the smallest particle that still retains the properties of an element
What are the 3 parts of an atom? What are their charges? Where are they located?
Part: Proton, Neutron, Electron
Location: Nucleus, Nucleus, Electron Cloud
Charge: Positive (+), Neutral (o), Negative (-)
What number do we use to figure out how many protons or electrons an atom has?
Atomic Number
What is an element?
A substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
What is a compound?
two or more atoms coming together to form one substance
What happens in an ionic bond?
one or more valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another
This creates electrically charged atoms called ions
The attraction between oppositely charged ions creates the bond
What happens in a covalent bond?
electrons are shared between atoms
The structure that results when atoms are joined together by a covalent bond is a molecule
Very strong bond
What is an ion?
electrically charged atoms
What is a valence electron?
The electrons that are furthest from the nucleus of an atom.
The electrons that are involved in bonds
How many valence electrons does sulfur have?
6
Explain the difference between solvent and solute.
Solvent- Liquid that dissolves another substance (Ex. water)
Solute- Substance that gets dissolved (Ex. Salt)
Explain what polar means.
A molecule where electrons are shared unevenly which makes one side slightly positive and the other side slightly negative.
What is the difference between cohesion and adhesion?
Cohesion - water’s ability to stick to itself
Adhesion - water’s ability to stick to other substances
What is the pH range of acids? Bases? Neutral?
Acids: <7
Bases: >7
Neutrals: 7
What ions do acids have more of? Bases?
Acids - H+
Bases - OH-
