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Shelf Review T1 > Biochemistry Medications > Flashcards

Biochemistry Medications Flashcards

1
Q

phlorizin

A

inhibits SGLT2

reduces blood glucose levels

type II diabetes med

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2
Q

omeprazole (prilosec)

A

inhibits H/K ATPase

gastric reflux

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3
Q

sulfonylurea drugs

A

closes ATP gated K channel in pancreatic beta cells

type II diabetes

increases insulin release

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4
Q

diazoxide

A

opens ATP K channels in beta cells

blocks insulin secretion….treats hyperinsulinemia

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5
Q

zidovudine (ZDV) and azidothymidine (AZT)

A

nucleoside analog of deoxythymidine
- Reverse transcription inhibitor

block further DNA syn since no 3’-OH group

RT = higher affinity for these than our own DNA polymerases

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6
Q

2,3 dideoxyinosine (DDI)

A

2’ and 3’ carbons –> chain terminatoin

HIV

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7
Q

acyclovir (HSV)

ganecyclovir

A

guanosine analogs

phosphorylated in infected cells

inhibit DNA synthesis

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8
Q

5FU

analog of thymidine and uracil

A

F-dUMP binds and inhibits thymidine synthetase

dUMP can’t be converted to dTTP

cancer drug

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9
Q

allopurinol

A

suicide inhibitor of xanthine oxidase

treates gout

increases hypoxanthine and xanthine levels (more soluble than uric acid)

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10
Q

antabuse

A

inihibts acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

increases acetaldehyde –> hangover symptoms

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11
Q

methotrexate

A

BH4 analog

prevents formation of BH4

cancer treatment

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12
Q

rifampicin

A

inhibits initiation of prokaryotic RNA synthesis

treats tuberculosis

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13
Q

ciprofloxacin

A

inhibits bacterial topoisomerase

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14
Q

irinotecan

topotecan

A

type I topoisomerase inhibitors

treats colorectal and ovarian cancers

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15
Q

doxorubicin

etoposide

ellipiticine

A

type II topoisomerase inhibitors

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16
Q

cisplatin

A

cause DNA adduction to trigger apoptosis

17
Q

statins

A

inhibit HMG-CoA reductase

upregulation of LDL receptor –> reduction of blood cholesterol levels

not helpful with people with dysfunctional LDL receptors

18
Q

bile acid sequestrants

A

decrease bile acid reabsorption in intestines

more cholesterol has to be converted to bile acids for digestion

19
Q

fibrates

A

reduce TG levels by activating transcription factor PPARalpha

can cause gall stones

Shelf Review T1 (6 decks)

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