Biochemistry: Detection Of Biological Molecules

Question 1

Types of molecules that make up living things ,grouped into four classes

Answer 1

Carbohydrates,lipids,proteins, and nucleic acids

Question 2

Polymers into subunits called monomers

Answer 2

Animals construct their complex molecules from larger subunits which they obtain by eating other organisms.

During digestion, they break the large macromolecules called polymers into their subunits called monomers.

Question 3

Carbohydrate in our diet is Starch and Types of Carbohydrates

Answer 3

Large polymer is a long chain of glucose molecules. Glucose is the primary carbohydrate we absorb and use for energy.

Types of carbohydrate: monosaccharide (single sugar) ex: glucose and fructose

Disaccharides :two sugar joined
Sucrose and lactose

Polysaccharide: many sugars
Starch ,glycogen , and cellulose

Question 4

Proteins:

Answer 4

Amino acids are the basic units (building blocks ) of proteins.

A PEPTIDE BOND ( covalent bond ) joins amino acids to form a polymer of amino acids which is called POLYPEPTIDE.

Proteins perform a variety of Functions .
They can be ENZYMES carrying out chemical reactions, play a role in TRANSPORT of substances across the membrane ,they act as RECEPTORS recognizing the signal molecule (hormone or neurotransmitter)

Question 5

Lipids:

Answer 5

Lipids are hydrophobic in nature.

Three major types of lipids are FATS( oil and wax ), PHOSPHOLIPIDS,and STEROIDS.

FATS made by TRYGLYCERIDES made of glucerol and three fatty acids.
Based on their structure,there are 2 ttpes of fats ,SATURATED (butter) AND UNSATURATED FATS (oil)
Saturated fats have single bonds and are solid at room temperature ,while Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds and are liquid at room temperature.