Biochemistry and Lab Testing Flashcards
Define sensitivity
Tells you how good the test is at identifying disease.
Define specificity
A measure of how good the test is at measuring health
Difference between positive and negative predictive value?
PPV = is the likelihood of disease in people with a positive test.
NPV=the likelihood of people with a negative test not having the disease
Define prevalence
The percentage of the population with the disease
Causes of microcytic anaemia?
Caused by iron deficiency e.g. chronic blood loss
Causes of macrocytic anaemia?
Caused by vitamin B12/folate deficiency (nuclear defects) or Alcohol excess, liver disease, hypothyroidism (membrane defect)
Causes of normocytic anaemia?
Caused by acute blood loss or anaemia of chronic disease
Why would you have increased neutrophils?
Increased in common bacterial infections and increased in steroid use.
Why would you have increased lymphocytes?
Increase in common viral infections
Why would you have increased basophils?
Role in allergic reactions
Why would you have increased eosinophils?
Increase in parasitic infections and allergies
Why would you have increased monocytes?
Atypical infections and cancers
Causes of high platelets (thrombocytosis)?
- Acute or chronic blood loss
- Inflammation
- Malignancies
Causes of low platelets (thrombocytopenia)?
- Alcohol excess, liver disease
- consumption (autoimmune or in fibrin clot)
- ‘trapping’ (enlarged spleen)
Also may not be genuine result check w machine
Respiratory acidosis is
increased [H+] due to increased pCO2
