Biochemistry Flashcards
1
Q
What are the excretory functions of the kidneys?
A
- Remove waste products
- Remove excess fluid
- Regulate acid base balance - pH
- Regulate electrolyte levels
2
Q
What are the secretory functions of the kidneys?
A
- Regulate BP
- Regulate RBC production (EPO)
- Regulate calcium uptake (active vitD)
3
Q
What is the definition of CKD?
A
Markers of kidney damage and GFR of less than 60ml/min/1.73m^2 on at least 2 occasions separated by 90 days.
4
Q
What are the complications of CKD?
A
- CKD mineral bone disease - hypercalcaemia, hyperparathyroidism
- Renal anaemia
- Metabolic acidosis
- Hyperkalaemia
5
Q
What are the contraindications of HD?
A
- Inability to achieve suitable vascular access
- Dementia
- HF
- Bleeding disorder
- Low BP
6
Q
What are the contraindications of PD?
A
- IBD
- Ischaemic bowel
- Acute diverticulitis
- Abdominal access
- 3rd trimester of pregnancy
- Abdominal hernias
- Blind
- Stomas/VP shunt
7
Q
What are the contraindications for a renal transplant?
A
- Concurrent or recurrent infection
- Active malignancy
8
Q
What are the most common causes of CKD?
A
- Diabetes
- HTN
- Glomerulonephritis
- Renovascular disease
