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Biochemistry Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Functional unit of protiens

A

Amino Acids

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2
Q

All amino acid found in proteins

A

L- configuration

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3
Q

Chemical bond between two molecules

A

Peptide bond

alpha carbocyl group reacts with alpha amino group

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4
Q

What are essentials that cannot be synthesized in the body?

A

“PrIVaTe TiM HaLL”

Phenylalanine  Tryptophan
Isoleucine          Methionine
Valine
Threonine         Histidine
                          Lysine
                           Leucine
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5
Q

Non essentials that can synthesized in the body

A 
Alanine                 Proline
Arginine                Serine
Asparagine          Tyrosine
Aspartate
Cysteine
Glycine
Glutamic acid
Glutamine
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6
Q

Ketogenic

A

Used to ketogenesis

Ex. Leucine & Lysine

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7
Q

Glucogenic

A

Used for glucogenesis

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8
Q

Ex. Both ketogenic & Glucogenic

A 
Isoleucine
Tryptophan
Phenylalanine
Tyrosine
Threonine
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9
Q

What are your non polar amino acid

A

Aliphatic
Aromatic
Sulfur containing

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10
Q

What are your polar amino acid

A

Basic

Acidic

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11
Q

Methionine

A

First amino acid produced by the body

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12
Q

Precursor of thyroid hormone and dopamine

A

Tyrosine

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13
Q

Precursor of Tyrosine

A

Phenylalanine

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14
Q

Precursor of Niacin, serotonine, melatonine

A

Tryptophan

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15
Q

Glutamate

A

Precursor of GABA

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16
Q

GABA is?

A

Neurotransmitter found in the brain

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17
Q

Glycine

A

Precursor of Porphyrins

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18
Q

Precursor of Histamine

A

Histidine

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19
Q

Simple amino acid

A

Glycine

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20
Q

Most potent vasodilator

A

Histamine

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21
Q

Contains Glycine, Alanine, Proline

A

Elastine

22
Q

Most abuntant protein in the body

A

Collagen

23
Q

Precursor of Collagen

A

Proline

24
Q

Collagen contains:

A

Lysine (1/3)

Proline (2/3)

25
Q

Pyridoxal phosphate

A

Co-enzyme essential for normal amino acid synthesis

26
Q

Discover model of DNA during 1953

A

Watson & Crick

27
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Two strands

28
Q

Sugar of DNA

A

Deoxyribose

29
Q

Replication

A

One strand to another strand

30
Q

Transcription

A

Process of transferring genetic information from DNA

31
Q

Purine

A

Adenine & Guanine

32
Q

Pyrimidine

A

Cytosine & Thymine

33
Q

Translation

A

Process that uses the code informtion in RNA

34
Q

Single strand and contain codes of information

A

RNA

Ribonucliec acid

35
Q

Ribose

A

Sugar of rna

36
Q

mRNA

A

Messenger of RNA

Class of rna molecule that spwcofies amino acid sequence to proteind sequence

37
Q

ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

A

Subunit individually transport to the cytoplasm

38
Q

Act as a link between amino acid and mRNA codon

A

Transfer RNA

39
Q

Sugar

A

Saccharide

40
Q

Monosaccharide

A 
Mannose
Glucose -main
Ribose
Fructuse
Galactose
41
Q

Sucrose

A

Glucose & fructose

42
Q

Glucose & glucose

A

Maltose

43
Q

Lactose

A

Glucose & galactose

44
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Starch
Cellulose
Glycogen

45
Q

Lipids

A

Fats

Not move in body fluids due to hydrophobic nature

46
Q

Packed in micellar structure

A

Lipoproteins

47
Q

Triglyceride

A

Oil

Ester of three fatty acid & glycerol

48
Q

Types of lipoproteins

A

Chylomicrons
Very low density lipoproteins
Low density lipoproteins
High density lipoproteins

49
Q

Less triglyceride and more protein

A

LDL

50
Q

Primary plasma carriers of cholesterol

A

LDL

51
Q

Most protein and cholesterol free

A

HDL

52
Q

Vitamins

A

Organic substance that provide in your diet

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