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Physical & Chemical Principles > Biochemistry > Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

0
Q

Which of these make cellulose indigestible?

a. It is a polymer of glucose subunits
b. It is a fibrous protein
c. The type of linkage between the glucose molecules
d. the peptide linkage between the amino acids molecules
e. The disulfide linkage between polymers

A

c. the type of linkage between the glucose molecules

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1
Q

Which does not contain an N atom?

a. Amino acids and ATP
b. Nucleotides and steroids
c. Cellulose and starch
d. Proteins and Polysacchirides
e. Enzymes and hormones

A

c. Cellulose and starch

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2
Q

A fatty acids is unsaturated if it

a. contains H atoms
b. conains double bands
c. contains an acidic groups
d. bonds to glycogen
e. has low melting point

A

b. contains double bonds

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3
Q

Which of the following about the shape of a polypeptide is false?

a. It is maintained by bonding between parts of th polypeptide
b. It is important to its fucntion
c. It is ultimately dependent on its primary structure
d. It involves hydrogen bonding
e. It is dependent on the strength of peptide bonds.

A

e. It is dependent on the strength of peptide bonds

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4
Q

It contains a sugar, an N- containing base, and a phosphate molecule

A

Nucleotides

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5
Q

Which of the following amino acids are classified as hydrophobic

a. Serine
b. Lysene
c. Phenylalanine
d. Cysteine
e. Glutamic acid

A

c. Phenylalanine

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6
Q

Which of the following amino acids can be treated as a triprotic acid?

a. Glycine
b. Serene
c. Tyosine
d. Lysine
e. Alanine

A

d. Lysine

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7
Q

which of the folloeing are classified as a structural proteins?

a. Hemoglobin
b. Insulin
c. Botox
d. Keratin
e. Histidine

A

d. Keratin

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8
Q

Which of the following is an example of the tertiary structure of proteins?

a. N-phe-ala-gly-trp-gin-C
b. Alpha helix and beta sheets
c. Zinc finger
d. Hydrogen bonds
e. Heteropolymer complex

A

c. Zinc finger

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9
Q

Which of the following type of molecules is always found in virions?

a. DNA
b. RNA
c. protein
d. Carbohydrates
e. Lipids

A

b. RNA

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10
Q

Which of the following mRNA molecules would form the most stable stem-loop structures?

a. 5’….GGCUU…….UUCGG……3’
b. 5’….GGCUU…….AAGCC……3’
c. 5’….GGCUU…….GGCUU…….3’
d. 5’….GGCUU…….CCGAA…….3’
e. 5’….AAGCC…….AAGCC…….3’

A

b. 5’….GGCUU…….AAGCC……3’

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11
Q

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

a. Raffinose
b. Dextrose
c. Lactose
d. Glutathione
e. Amylopectin

A

c. Lactose

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12
Q

Which of the following is a purine found in DNA?

a. Adenine
b. Cytosine
c. Thymine
d. Uracil
e. Caffeine

A

a. Adenine

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13
Q

It is a semiconservative process.

A

Replication

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14
Q

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins present in the plasma memnrane?

a. assist passage of materials
b. interact with other cells
c. bind and recognize molecules
d. produce lipid molecules
e. carry metals and small molecules

A

d. produce lipid molecule

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15
Q

The lipid found in the cell membrane has a head and two tails, the are found

a. at the surface of the membrane
b. in thr interior of the cell
c. in the interior of the membrane
d. where the environment is hydrophilic
e. outside the cell

A

c. in thr interior of the membrane

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16
Q

These are unspecialized or undifferentiated cells that renew themselves for long periods throuhg cell divisions

A

Stem

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17
Q

Cells which contain ribosomes and nucleoid but without memnrane-bound organelles

A

Prokaryotic

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18
Q

Cells which contain half number of chromosomes of a normal individual and are referred to as haploid

A

gametes

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19
Q

These refer to any biological cell forming the body of an organism

A

Somatic

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20
Q

This term refers to organisms which can survive very salty conditions

A

halophiles

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21
Q

Members of the Archea which survive in soda lakes and basic evironments

A

alkalinophiles

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22
Q

This term refers to organisms which thrive in hot environments

A

thermophiles

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23
Q

Extremophiles which can survive very cold temperatures

A

psychrophiles

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24
Q

Phase in cell division where sister chromatids separate to opposite poles

A

Anaphase

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25
Q

Protein ‘packaging plant’

A

Ribosomes

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26
Q

Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion and waste removal

A

Vacuole

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27
Q

Stores, separates, and serves as cell’s transport system

A

Rough ER

28
Q

The process by which cancer spreads from one place to many places in the body is referred to as

A

Metastasis

29
Q

Organelles can be isolated by employing a separation technique referred to as

A

Differential centrifugation

30
Q

These are the most organic molecules in living cells

a. proteins
b. carbohydrates
c. lipids
d. fats

A

a. proteins

31
Q

Type of bacteria that are considered to be ancient organisms such as methanogens, halobacteria and thermoacidophiles

a. archaebacteria
b. eurobacteria
c. bacteriophage
d. virus

A

b. eurobacteria

32
Q

Which of the following is not a steroid

a. sex hormones
b. cholesterol
c. adrenocortical hormones
d. prostaglandin

A

d. prostaglandin

33
Q

Bacteria which converts alcoholic solution to vinegar are

a. coli
b. acetobacter
c. bacilli
d. proteins

A

b. acetobacter

34
Q

The biological decompositionof organic matter accompanied by the production of foul smelling products in an anaerobic condition is

a. pollution
b. putrefication
c. dissolution
d. stabilization

A

b. putrefication

35
Q

A waste treatment process by which biologically active growths are continuously circulated with incoming biodegradable waste in the presence of oxygen

a. activated sludge
b. stabilization process
c. agitation process
d. trickling process

A

a. activated sludge

36
Q

The temperature at which a microorganism is killed within a period of 10 mins.

a. SCP
b. TDP
c. TDT
d. ATP

A

b. TDP (thermal death phase)

37
Q

A visible concentrated groeth of algae or otheraquatic life/plants is called

a. phytoplanktons
b. amoeba
c. bloom
d. zoo-plankton

A

c. bloom

38
Q

Materials in which microorganisms are grown in a laboratory are

a. nutrients
b. substrates
c. enzymes
d. culture media

A

d. culture media

39
Q

This is the early period of growth where theorganisms adjust to its new environment

a. stationary phase
b. logarithmic phase
c. lag phase
d. decline phase

A

c. lag phase

40
Q

Genetic information is stored in the structure of the DNA molecule. Which of the following obtains the code dor protein synthesis from DNA and serves asthe template for peptide formation

a. transfer RNA
b. messenger RNA
c. ribosomal RNA
d. colon

A

b. messenger RNA

41
Q

There are several forms suggested by which the hyperbolic MIchaelis Menten equation may be expressed linearly. If the substrate concentration S is plotted against velocity, V ; a linear plot is obtained. this equation is called

a. Lineweaver and Burke
b. Eadie-hostfee
c. Hanes-Woolf
d. Eisentahl and Cornish-Bowden

A

d. Eisentahl and Cornish-Bowden

42
Q

The enzyme in yhe stomach is

a. urease
b. papase
c. pepsin
d. bromelos

A

c. pepsin

43
Q

The organisms that reproduces by sparulation is

a. bacteria
b. molds
c. protozoa
d. yeast

A

b. molds

44
Q

Organisms thet grows or uses CO2 as its principal carbon source

a. autotroph
b. aerobe
c. mesophile
d. heterotroph

A

a. autotroph

45
Q

A basi amino acids is

a. alanine
b. lysine
c. serine
d. cysteine

A

b. lysine

46
Q

The time to kill all bacteria in a particular culture at a specified temperature.

a. SCP
b. TDP
c. TDT
d. ATP

A

c. TDT

47
Q

Bacteria which grow over the temperature range of 30 deg C to 40 deg C are called

a. psychrophiles
b. hydrophiles
c. mesophiles
d. thermophiles

A

c. mesophiles

48
Q

Group of microorganisms that grow in yhe presence of low oxygen concentration are

a. pathogens
b. bacteria
c. fungi
d. microaerophiles

A

d. microaerophiles

49
Q

These are very small bound particles that release digestive enzymes and contribute to the digestion of nutrients in a cell

a. Endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi Bodies
c. Lysosomes
d. Mitochondria

A

c. Lysosomes

50
Q

Hydrolysis of one mole of sucrose gives

a. 1 mole of glucose and 1 mole of galactose
b. 1 mole of glucose and 1 mole of fructose
c. 2 moles of glucose
d. 1 mole mannose and 1 mole of glucose

A

b. 1 mole of glucose and 1 mole of fructose

51
Q

Method used to free milk from disease or germs

a. Lyophitization
b. Pasteurization
c. Fermentation
d. Putrefication

A

b. Pasteurization

52
Q

The powerhouse of the cell is called

a. Nucleus
b. Mitochondria
c. Lysosome
d. Cytoplasm

A

b. Mitochondria

53
Q

The microorganisms utelize in the production of pickles is

a. acetobacter
b. lactic acid and bacteria
c. streptomyces griseus
d. arpergillus sojae

A

b. lactic acid and bacteria

54
Q

The color of the fruit like papaya is attributed to a pigment which is a precursur of Vitamin A. This substance is

a. lecithin
b. carotene
c. lipoprotein
d. reboflavin

A

b. carotene

55
Q

A hormone secteted by the pancreas that regulates glucose metabolism is

a. bile
b. insulin
c. alanine
d. cortisol

A

b. insulin

56
Q

The disaccharide from beta-glycosidic bond is

a. sucrose
b. lactose
c. maltose
d. glucose

A

b. lactose

57
Q

In phototropic cells, the ______ is the organelle serving as the major cell power house

a. mitochondria
b. chloroplast
c. lysosomes
d. Golgi bodies

A

b. chloroplast

58
Q

Define asthe quantity of enzymes needed to transform 1.0 micromole of substrate to product per minute at 30 deg Celsius and optimal pH

a. International Unit
b. Enzyme unit
c. Catalytic unit
d. all of these

A

a. International Unit

59
Q

The only source that naturally contains vitamins D

a. Sunlight
b. Meat
c. Fish Oil
d. Orange

A

c. Fish Oil

60
Q

Which of the following vitamins is water-soluble

a. Vitamin C
b. Vitamin A
c. Vitamin D
d. Vitamin E

A

a. Vitamin C

61
Q

It states that there is a topographical, structural compatibility between an enzyme and its substrate

a. Lock and Key theory
b. Michaelis Menten Model
c Briggs-Haldane Model
d. Compatibility Theory

A

a. Lock and Key theory

62
Q

Plants that are devoid of chlorophyll and are therfore unable to synthesize their own food

a. Fungi
b. bacteria
c. virus
d. none ofthese

A

a.fungi

63
Q

The fundamental cause of sickle-cell disease is a change in the structure of _______

a. red cells
b. hemoglobin
c. capillaries
d. blood

A

b. hemoglobin

64
Q

It is the major form of stord carbohydrates in animals

a. glycogen
b. starch
c. amylose
d. amylopectin

A

a. glycogen

65
Q

Which of thefollowing is sturated fatty acids?

a. oleic acids
b. linoleic acids
c. arachidonic
d. palmitic acid

A

d. palmitic acid

66
Q

A measure of a degree of unsaturation of a fatty acids

a. Acid Number
b. Iodine Number
c. Saponification Number
d. Deborah Number

A

b. Iodine Number

67
Q

These DNA or RNA coated protein that may or may not be considered as living things

a. protozoa
b. bacteria
c. algae
d. virus

A

d. virus

68
Q

Non-photosynthetic eucaryotes, highly organized with soil as its major habitat.

a. fungi
b. virus
c. protozoa
d. bacteria

A

c. protozoa

Physical & Chemical Principles (6 decks)

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