biochemistry

Question 1

What’s does Covalent Bonds do?

Answer 1

Share electrons

Question 2

What does Non-Polar Covalent Bonds do?

Answer 2

Share equal electrons.

Question 3

What does Polar Covalent Bonds do?

Answer 3

Share unequal electrons.

Question 4

The definition of Electronegativity is?

Answer 4

How greedy an element is when it shares Electrons.

Question 5

Are Carbon and Hydrogen shared equally?

Answer 5

True.

Question 6

Due to the fact that Oxygen is more electronegativity than Hydrogen, what does this mean?

Answer 6

Electrons are closer to Oxygen than Carbo or Hydrogen in a C-O or O-H bond.

Question 7

C-C and C-H bonds are?

Answer 7

Non-Polar

Question 8

C-O and O-H Bonds are?

Answer 8

Polar

Question 9

Is it true that water is polar?

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Water is present as?

Answer 10

A solid, liquid, and gas under Earth conditions.

Question 11

Water cohesive means?

Answer 11

Strong surface tension.

Question 12

Water’s adhesiveness means?

Answer 12

Crawl up a glass tube.( Aka water is attracted to other substances)

Question 13

Water is both?

Answer 13

A weak acid and base

Question 14

what does carbon do when it is bound to other carbons or hydrogen?

Answer 14

Shares electrons equally, and thus reduced.

Question 15

Polymers are?

Answer 15

Long chains of repeating subunits joined together by common bond types.

-Can mix-and-match to make a nearly infinite number of combinations
* Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids are polymers. Lipids are not

Question 16

What are Carbohydrates?

Answer 16

Sugars, starches, polysaccharides, carbs.

-Most sugars end in -ose (glucose, lactose, sucrose, fructose, dextrose, etc.)
-Typically have a hexagonal structure

Question 17

Denaturing is?

Answer 17

Changes in protein structure due to changes in environment. Can be reversable or irreversible.

Question 18

The protein structures are?

Answer 18

Primary - the linear sequence of amino acids from the N-terminus to C-terminus

Secondary - alpha helices and beta pleated sheets

Question 19

Nucleotide three components are?

Answer 19

Nitrogenous base (ATCG and AUCG)
* 5-carbon sugar (pentose sugar)
* Phosphate group

Question 20

The two types of DNA and RNA are?

Answer 20

• DNA: 2’ -H
• RNA: 2’ -OH
• DNA: ATCG
• RNA: AUCG

Question 21

Do Lipids have monomers?

Answer 21

They are not polymers so no monomers.
*They are non polar (hydrophobic)
* Proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids are polar (hydrophilic)

Question 22

What do Lipids use?

Answer 22

Use energy storage, cushioning, insulation, membrane structure, hormones, etc.

Also Used as hormones (estrogen, testosterone, etc.) and membrane
structure (cholesterol

Question 23

What are the pros and cons of plants primarily store energy as carbohydrates?

Answer 23

Pros: Ease of access for energy

Cons: more mass (but plants don’t care much since they don’t move)

Question 24

What are the pros and cons of animals primarily storing energy as lipids?

Answer 24

Pros: more efficient storage since you get more energy pergram

Cons: difficult to access