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Regents: Living Environment > Biochemistry > Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Compounds

A

Composed of two or more different elements bounded together chemically

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2
Q

H+

A

Hydronium Ion

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3
Q

OH-

A

Hydroxide Ion

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4
Q

Low pH

A

More H+

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5
Q

High pH

A

More OH-

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6
Q

Neutralization Reaction

A

HCL (acid) + NaOH (base) –> NaCl (salt) + H2O (water)

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7
Q

Buffer

A

A solution that can resist an keep pH constant

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8
Q

Litmus Paper

A

acid = red
base = blue
neutral = stay the same

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9
Q

pH Paper

A

Shows exact pH

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10
Q

Phenolphthalein

A

Tests for bases only, turns bright pink

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11
Q

Bromothymol Blue

A

Tests for acids, turns yellow
Detect the presence of CO2; pH decreases, CO2 increases

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12
Q

Benedict’s (Fehling’s) Solution

A

Detect the presence of simple sugars (glucose),
blue = none
green = a little
orange red = average amount
brick red = a lot

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13
Q

Iodine (Lugol’s) Solution

A

Detect the presence of starch,
yellow/tan = none
blue black = contains starch

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14
Q

Organic compounds

A

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids

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15
Q

Inorganic compounds

A

Water, Salts, Acids and Bases

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16
Q

Carbohydrate: Elements

A

CHO

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17
Q

Carbohydrate: Ratio of CHO

A

1:2:1

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18
Q

Carbohydrate: Function

A

Short term energy

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19
Q

Carbohydrate: Building Block

A

Monosaccharides

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20
Q

Lipids: Elements

A

CHO

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21
Q

Lipids: Building Block

A

Fatty Acids and Glycerol

22
Q

Lipids: Function

A

Long term energy, reserve energy, warmth, protection for organs, insulation

23
Q

Polymer

A

Large molecules

24
Q

Carbohydrate: Examples

A

Fruits, tree sap, honey

25
Q

Carbohydrate: Shape

A

Ring

26
Q

Lipid: Shape

A

Linear

27
Q

Lipid: Saturation

A

Saturated or unsaturated

28
Q

Lipid: Examples

A

fats and oils

29
Q

Components of the cell membrane

A

Proteins and Lipids

30
Q

Protein: Elements

A

CHON

31
Q

Protein: Building Block

A

Amino Acid

32
Q

Protein: Function

A

Growth, repair, enzymes

33
Q

Non-Polar

A

Proteins and Lipids

34
Q

Polar

A

Carbohydrates and Nuclei acids

35
Q

Nuclei Acids: Elements

A

CHONP

36
Q

Nuclei Acids: Function

A

Carries and stores genetic codes

37
Q

Dehydration Synthesis

A

Water is removed to make bonds

38
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Water is added to break bonds

39
Q

Proteins depends on

A

type and order of amino acids

40
Q

Protein: Nickname

A

Polypeptide

41
Q

Nucleotides structure

A

Base, deoxyribose, phosphate group

42
Q

Amino group

A

NH2

43
Q

Carboxyl group

A

COOH

44
Q

Side chain

A

R Group

45
Q

Acid

A

0 - 6.9

46
Q

Base

A

7 - 7.9

47
Q

Base

A

8 - 14

48
Q

Monosaccharide

A

Glucose

49
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Starch, cellulose

50
Q

Enzymes

A

Proteins made by organisms to speed up the rate of chemical reactions

51
Q

Factors that affect Enzyme Reaction Rates

A

Temperature, pH, Inhibitors, Substrate Concentration

Regents: Living Environment (11 decks)

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