Biochemistry Flashcards
What elements are in carbs?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (C6H12O6)
What elements are in lipids?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
What elements are in proteins?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
What elements are in nucleic acids?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphate
Monomer, dimer, and polymer name for carbs
Monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide
Monomer, dimer, and polymer name for lipids
Macromolecule building blocks: glycerol/fatty acids & macromolecules: diglyceride, triglyceride
Monomer, dimer, and polymer name for proteins
Amino acid, dipeptide, polypeptide
Monomer, dimer, and polymer name for nucleic acids
Only monomers: nucleotide
What is the main function of carbs?
Structure & storing (short term) energy
What is the main function of lipids?
Storing (long term) energy & makes up the cell membrane
What is the main function of proteins?
Things relating to the structure, function, and regulation of the body (ie building body tissue and forming enzymes)
What is the main function of nucleic acids?
Storage of genetic information, carrying out DNA instruction, & stores and releases energy in cellular reactions
Are sugars monosaccharides or polysaccharides?
Monosaccharides
Are starches monosaccharides or polysaccharides?
Polysaccharides
What is the organic compound test for carbs?
Benedict’s (for sugar): positive-bright colors
Iodine (for starch): positive-turns black/dark purple
What is the organic compound test for lipids?
Brown paper towel: positive-transparent
What is the organic compound test for proteins?
Biuret’s: positive-turns lavender
What is the organic compound test for nucleic acids?
There is no test
What is the basic structure of a carb?
—— Hexagon
/ \
\ /
—
What is the basic structure of a lipid?
|— An “e” kind of shape
|—
|—
What is the basic structure of a protein?
_|_/ Uh, yeah just draw it
/ r \ like a plus +
What is the basic structure of a nucleic acid?
——— …this (the rectangle
——— o isn’t that big)
\ /
O
| isn’t that big)
