Biochemistry Flashcards
Vitalism
idea that substances and processes associated with living organisms did not behave according to the known laws of physics and chemistry
Name the 7 properties of life
- Organisation
- Metabolism
- Homeostasis
- Growth
- Reproduction
- Response
- Evolution
Organisation
one or more cells, fundamental units of life
Metabolism
sum of total biochemical reactions that happen an or organism in order to convert nutrients consumed to energy
Homeostasis
Living organisms regulate their internal environment to maintain the relatively
narrow range of conditions needed for cell function.
Growth
regulated growth dependent on anabolic metabolism
Reproduction
asexual or sexual reproduction is needed to create new organisms
Response
response of organisms to changes in their environment *(irritability)
Evolution
genetic makeup of a population may change over time (may involve natural selection)
Natural Selection
heritable trait lets organisms survive and reproduce better in a particular environment
Adaptation
Over generations, a heritable trait that provides a fitness advantage may become more and more common in a population, making the population better suited to its environment.
Name the 4 principle areas of biochemistry
- Structure and function of biological macromolecules
- Metabolism (anabolic and catabolic)
- Molecular Genetics (replication of life)
- Regulation of protein synthesis
Biomolecules
Organic compounds required for living organisms to sustain life
Name the 4 groups of biomolecules
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are biomolecules used for energy and structural support.
Consist of monosaccharides linked together
Examples: starch, glycogen, cellulose
