Biochemistry

Question 1

Steps for vit D3(cholecalciferol) activation

Answer 1

Step 1 in liver= 25 hydroxylation to make calcidiol

Step 2 in kidney= 1 hydroxylation to make calcitriol

Question 2

Etio for hyperCa in sarcoidosis?

Answer 2

MQ activates vit D

به زبان خودمونی ماکروفاژها همون کاری رو میکنن که در حالت نرمال کلیه در فعال سازی ویتامین دی انجام میدهد

Question 3

Garlic breath

Answer 3

Arsenic poison

ناپلئون

Question 4

کمبود کدام ویتامین می تواند باعث تشنج شود؟

Answer 4

B6

چون برای سنتز گابا لازم است

Question 5

Which vitamin is essential for rapid cell growth?

Answer 5

Folate B9

Question 6

کدام داروی ضد تشنج میتواند باعث کمبود فولات شود؟

Answer 6

فنی توئین

Question 7

The most common cause of NTD

Answer 7

Folate deficiency

Question 8

کمبود کدام ویتامین می تواند باعث وسکولاریزاسیون قرنیه شود؟

Answer 8

B2

ریبوفلاوین

Question 9

کمبود کدام ویتامین باعث نکروز غده ی آدرنال در مدل های حیوانی شده است؟

Answer 9

B5

پنتاتونیک اسید

Question 10

کمبود کدام ویتامین میتواند باعث adrenal insufficiency شود؟

Answer 10

B5

Question 11

کدام ویتامین در واکنش های carboxylation نقش دارد؟

Answer 11

B7
بیوتین
لوازم آرایش کربن داره و ما به خودمون کربن میدیم تا بیوتی پیدا کنیم😁😁

Question 12

What is biologically active form of folate?

Answer 12

THF

Question 13

چه داروهایی با چه مکانیسمی میتوانند باعث کمبود فولیک اسید شوند؟

Answer 13

۱)فنی توئین( کاهش جذب گوارشی فولات)

۲)سولفونامید( آنالوگ PABA)

۳) پریمتامین، MTX،TMP ( مهار DHF ردوکتاز)

Question 14

کمبود کدام ویتامین در افراد گیاهخوار دیده میشه؟

Answer 14

B12

Question 15

Which vitamins used in carboxylation reactions?

Answer 15

B7

K

Question 16

Deficiency in which vitamin is seen with “tea and toast diet”?

Answer 16

Vitamin C

Scurvy

Question 17

Which vitamin acts like hormone and regulate protein synthesis?
Decrease keratin & mucous synthesis

Answer 17

Retinoic acid

Vitamin A named retinOl and there are two retinoids which derived from vit A named retinAl and retinoic Acid

Question 18

What is the first sign of vit A deficiency?

Answer 18

Night blindness

Question 19

Which vitamin is used to treat measles?

Answer 19

Vit A

Question 20

Which vitamin can be used to treat AML-M3?

Answer 20

Vit A

Question 21

RetinOl=== vit A
Retinoids== retinAl & retinoic Acid
Name Synthetic derivation of retinoic acid? What are their indication?

Answer 21

1) all trans retinoic acid(Atra/ tretinoin)====AML-M3

2) 13 cis retinoic acid(isotretinoin/ accutan)====acne

Question 22

Egg yolk can be the source of vit …..

Breast milk is insufficient source of vit…

Answer 22

Vitamin D

Vitamin K

Question 23

Ataxia/ loss of proprioception and vibration/megaloblastic anemia?

Vit B12 def

Answer 23

Ataxia/ loss of proprioception and vibration/hemolytic anemia / DIPLOPIA?

Vit E def

Question 24

Vit E is the booster for warfarin effect ( increase INR)

Answer 24

It means that high dose vit E can inhibit vit K

Question 25

Copper ?

Answer 25

Cofactor of lysyl oxidase( collagen synthesis)

Question 26

Zinc finger or motif?

Answer 26

Protein segment containing zinc that can bind specific DNA sequences to modify gene activity

Question 27

Absorption from duodenum?

Answer 27

Zinc

Fe

Question 28

Absorption from juojenum?

Answer 28

All vitamins except B12(terminal ileum)

Question 29

Acrodermatitis entropathica?

Answer 29

Impaired zinc absorption

Question 30

What are the roles of zinc in the body?

Answer 30

1) zinc finger motif (protein transcription)
2) healing
3) immune system
4) carbonic anhydrase
5) lactate dehydrogenase

Question 31

Decrease in …… and …… can cause impaired night vision

Answer 31

Vit A

Zinc

Question 32

Wrist drop and foot drop can be caused by ………poisoning

Answer 32

Lead poisoning

Question 33

Basophilic stippling in RBC in PBS

Answer 33

Lead poisoning

Lead inhibits rRNA degradation which causes RBCs to retain segments of rRNA

Question 34

Bluish colored lines on the gingivae

Answer 34

Burton’s line

Lead poisoning