Biochemical profiles Flashcards
what is the normal value for FBG
70-99
what is the pre diabetic range for FBG
100-125
what is the diabetic range for FBG
greater than 125
what is the normal value for A1c
less than 5.7
what is the prediabetic range for A1c
5.7-6.4
what is the diabetic goal for A1c
less than 6.5
during the Glucose tolerance test what is the value after 30 min
less than200
during the Glucose tolerance test what is the value after 1 hour
less than 200
during the Glucose tolerance test what is the value after 2 hours
less than 140
during the Glucose tolerance test what is the value after 3 hours
70-99
what is the best indicator of renal disease
Creatine
what does Creatine test for
renal disease
what does elevated BUN indicate
Renal disease or high protein diet
what does decreased BUN levels indicate
severe liver disease or overhydration
what is Azotemia
increased BUN
what is the most important factor for osmotic pressure
Proteins keep the fluids within the vascular space
what patholgies have an increase in protein
MM, dehydration, chronic infection, malignacies
what pathologies have a decrease in protein
liver disease, kidney dysfunction, and malabsorption
what is the normal A/G ratio
> 1.0
what does a reversed A/G ratio classically indicate
MM
what does increased unconjugated bilirubin indicate
increased RBC hemolysis –> hepatocellular dysfunction
what does increased conjuagated bilirubin indicate
extrahepatic obstruction –> gallstones, tumor blocking bile ducts
what causes increased unconjugated bilirubin
increased production or decreased conjugation
what causes increased conjugated bilirubin
decreased secretion by the liver or blockage of the bile ducts
what test need to be ordered for lytic mets (in order)
bone scan –> MRI–> biopsy
what tests need to be ordered for MM (in order)
PEP –> skeletal survery –> MRI –> biopsy
increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) indicates what
liver and bone disorders
decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) indicates what
hypothyroidism and pernicious anemia
when is an increased acid phosphatase seen
prostatic cancer,MM, and benign prostatic hypertrophy
what does GGTP detect
liver cell dysfunction (liver disease)
if ALP is increased but GGTP is normal what does that indicate
skeletal disease
what is the most sensitive test for alcohol induced liver disease
GGTP
what is AST (aspartate aminotransferase) indicate
heart disease or hepatocellular disease
what does ALT (alanine aminotransferase) indicate
injury or disease of the liver
if ALP is elevated Phosphorus is decreased and calcium is increased what is the diagnosis
primary HPT
if ALP is elevated Phosphorus is increased and calcium is decreased what is the diagnosis
secondary HPT
if ALP is elevated Phosphorus is increased and calcium is increased what is the diagnosis
Tertiary HPT
