Biochem terms I don't know

Question 1

Triacyglycerols

Answer 1

the most abundant lipid category. They are the main components of animal (including human) fat, most of which is concentrated in adipose tissue; they are also the main components of vegetable oils. Because of this abundance, they constitute 90% to 95% of dietary fat

Question 2

valine

Answer 2

essential, non-polar
amino acid synthesized in plants. It is noteworthy in hemoglobin, for when it replaces
glutamic acid at position number six, it
causes hemoglobin to aggregate abnormally
under low oxygen
conditions, resulting
in sickle cell disease.

Question 3

Asparagine (Asn/N

Answer 3

is a non-essential
amino acid coded by AAU and AAC. Its carboxyamide in the R-group gives it polarity.

Question 4

Leucine (Leu/L)

Answer 4

Leucine (Leu/L) is a branched-chain amino
acid that is hydrophobic and essential.
Leucine is the only dietary amino acid reported to directly stimulate protein synthesis in muscle,

Question 5

hypotonic

Answer 5

concentration of solutes is greater inside the cell than outside water will tend to move into the cell causing the cell to swell

Question 6

hypertonic

Answer 6

if the solute concentration is greater outside the cell than inside of it
then water will exit the cell and the cell will shrink

Question 7

isotonic

Answer 7

concentrations of solutes inside and outside of the cell is equal

Question 8

symports

Answer 8

proteins that move two molecules in the same direction across a membrane

Question 9

antiport

Answer 9

two molecules are moved in opposite directions across the bilayer

Question 10

isonophores

Answer 10

proteins involved in moving ions

Question 11

electrogenic transport

Answer 11

movements that result in change of charge

Question 12

if simple diffusion is the driving force the process is called _____ and if the process requires other energy input, the process is _____

Answer 12

facilitated diffusion , active transport

Question 13

ligand gated ion channels

Answer 13

transmembrane proteins which open to selectively allow ions such as Na+, K+, Ca++ or Cl- to pass through the membrane in response to the binding of a ligand messenger

Question 14

voltage gates channels are essential for ____

Answer 14

transmission of nerve signals

Question 15

___ selectively allow ions to pass based on size and energy of dehydration/hydration

Answer 15

ion channels

Question 16

active transport system moves at lease one

Answer 16

molecule against a concentration gradient

Question 17

electrons from the NADH are shuttled across the

Answer 17

mitochondrial inner membrane using the glycerol phosphase shuttle

Question 18

adherens junctions

Answer 18

complexes on the cytoplasmic side of cell membranes that are linked to each other

Question 19

Glycosylation

Question 20

golgi apparatus

Question 21

lysosomes

Question 22

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 23

ribosomes

Question 24

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 25

microtubules

Question 26

hydrophobic

Question 27

exothermic

Question 28

endothermic