Biochem/ Nutrition

Question 1

3 Major types of carbohydrates

Answer 1

Monosaccharides
disaccharides
polysaccharides

Question 2

Poly & disaccharides are broken down by

Answer 2

Salivary amylase and pancreatic amylase

Question 3

Oligo & disaccharides are broken down by

Answer 3

Brush border enzymes, and from lactose, maltose and sucrose

Question 4

Lactose, Maltose and Sucrose are broken down further by brush border enzymes and form

Answer 4

Galactose, Glucose and Fructose

Question 5

Main site of carbohydrate digestion

Answer 5

Small intestine

Question 6

4 Steps in turning unemulsified triglycerides into monoglycerides and fatty acids

Answer 6

Lingual lipase
Gastric Lipase
Emulsification by bile salts ducted from liver
Pancreatic lipases
VOILA

Question 7

Steps of fat emulsification in small intestine

Answer 7

Fat globule broken down by bile salts
Fat droplets are coated in bile salts
Pancreatic lipases form coated fat droplets into micelles
Micelles enter epithelial cells of small intestine

Question 8

3 Steps of Lipid absorption

Answer 8

• Diffusion across brush border
• Formation of chylomicrons
• Chylomicrons transfer into lacteal

Question 9

What breaks proteins into large polypeptides

Answer 9

Pepsin (stomach)

Question 10

Large polypeptides are broken down into small polypeptides and peptides by

Answer 10

Pancreatic enzymes

Question 11

Small polypeptides and peptides are broken down into amino acids by

Answer 11

Brush border enzymes of the small intestine

Question 12

Main digestion of proteins takes place in

Answer 12

The stomach

Question 13

Amino acids enter blood capillary via

Answer 13

Facilitated diffusion

Question 14

What are essential nutrients?

Answer 14

Nutrients body is unable to produce in high enough quantities to meet demand
obtained from diet

Question 15

Minerals (Organic/ Inorganic)

Answer 15

Inorganic

Question 16

Function of the glycocalyx

Answer 16

Part of the cell membrane that contains polysaccharides

Question 16

Vitamins (Organic/ Inorganic)

Answer 16

Organic

Question 17

What does the glycocalyx form?

Answer 17

Glycolipids that attach to proteins

Question 18

90% of all absorption takes place where?

Answer 18

The small intestine

Question 19

Function of glycoproteins

Answer 19

Cell recognition

Question 20

Function and location of Glycolipids

Answer 20

On surface of RBC’s important for cell recognition