Biochem Drugs - Pre Unified Flashcards
List Anti-HIV Drugs
TAD
the tadpole got you into this mess in the first place
TAD
Tenofovir - DNA nucleotide
Azidothymidine (AZT) - RNA nucleoside
Didanosine - RNA nucleoside
List Diuretics
MAD
MAD (amides)
Methazolamide
Acetazolamide
Dichlorphenamide
List Varicella Zoster & Herpes Simplex Drugs
Acyclovir:
Analogue of deoxyguanosine
List Anti-Cancer Drugs
ACE AdD 5a
Ace AdD 5a
Arabinosides: araA araC
Adenosine Arabinoside
Cytosine Arabinoside
Camptothecin
Etoposide
Actinomycin D
Decitabine
5-azacytidine
List Transcription Inhibiting Antibiotics
Run After Clubbing
Run After Clubbing
Rifamycin (rifampin)
Actinomycin D
Ciprofloxacin
Drug class = coumarin (listed in notes-not sure)
List Translation Inhibiting Antibiotics
Sip Tea & Eat Cake
Sip Tea & Eat Cake
Streptomycin
Tetracycline
Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
Acetazolamide
Diuretic
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Increases NaHCO3 excretion
Other examples: methazolamide & dichlorphenamide
Methazolamide
Diuretic
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Increases NaHCO3 excretion
Other examples: acetazolamide & dichlorphenamide
Dichlorphenamide
Diuretic
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Increases NaHCO3 excretions
Other examples: methazolamide & acetazolamide
Azidothymidine (AZT)
Anti HIV
Nucleoside analogue of deoxythymidine
- viral “reverse transcriptase” inhibitor
- causes premature DNA synthesis termination
3’OH?????
Didanosine
Anti HIV
Nucleoside analogue of deoxyadenosine
-viral “reverse transcriptase” inhibitor
3’OH???
Tenofovir
Anti HIV
Analogue of deoxyadenosine monophosphate (nucleotide)
-viral “reverse transcriptase” inhibitor
3’OH???planar molecule
Acyclovir
Anti Varicella Zoster & Herpes Simplex
Analogue of deoxyguanosine
SPECIFICITY: phosphorylated by VIRAL kinase (not eukaryotic)
-causes DNA chain termination
Cytosine Arabinoside (araC)
Anti Cancer - Arabinosides
Analogue of cytosine deoxyribose
-inhibits DNA polymerase in rapidly dividing cells
Adenosine Arabinoside (araA)
Anti Cancer - Arabinosides
Analogue of deoxyadenosine
-inhibits DNA polymerase in rapidly dividing cells
Decitabine
Anti Cancer
Disrupts DNA methylation
-re-expresses ‘silenced’ genes which prevent uncontrolled cell division
5-Azacytidine
Anti Cancer
Disrupts RNA methylation
-re-expresses ‘silenced’ genes which prevent uncontrolled cell division
Etoposide
Anti Cancer
Inhibits Topoisomerase II leading to strand breaks and apoptosis
Camptothecin
Anti Cancer
Inhibits Topoisomerase I leading to strand breaks and apoptosis
Actinomycin D
Anti Cancer & Antibiotic
->transcription inhibitor
Inhibits replication by binding DNA
-prevents opening of the helix
Rifamycin
Transcription Inhibitor - Antibiotic
Derived from streptomyces
- inhibits INITIATION of transcription by binding RNA polymerase in prokaryotes
Ciprofloxacin
Transcription Inhibitor - Antibiotic
Selectively inhibits DNA gyrase (prokaryotic Topoisomerase II)
An example of Quinolones (?fluroquinolones)
Streptomycin
Translation Inhibitor - Antibiotic
Prevents binding of fMet-tRNAf to the P site of ribosomes
initiation inhibitor
Tetracycline
Translation Inhibitor - Antibiotic
Prevents animoacyl-tRNAs binding in the A site
elongation inhibitor
Erythomycin
Translation Inhibitor - Antibiotic
Blocks translocation by binding the 50S subunit of prokaryotes
Cholamphenicol
Translation Inhibitor - Antibiotic
Interferes with peptidyl transferase activity of the 50S ribosome, preventing peptide bond formation
Quinolones and Coumarins
additional slide by Jen
The quinolones are a family of synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial.
Quinolones exert their antibacterial effect by preventing bacterial DNA from unwinding and duplicating. The majority of quinolones in clinical use belong to the subset fluoroquinolones, which have a fluorine atom attached to the central ring system, typically at the 6-position or C-7 position.
DNA gyrase is all you need to know!
