bioch cl 2

Question 1

biosinteza acizi grasi

Answer 1

din acetilCoA rezultat din glucoza

Question 2

biosinteza trigliceride

Answer 2

din glicerol fosfat (din DHAP) si acizi grasi

Question 3

AA cetogenici

Answer 3

Lys, Leu

Question 4

AA cetogenici si glucogenici

Answer 4

Fenilalanina, izoleucina, tirozina, triptofan

Question 5

AA neesentiali sunt…

Answer 5

intermediari ciclu krebs

Question 6

Jonctiuni metabolice

Answer 6

glucozo-6-fosfat, acetil CoA, piruvat

Question 6

unde au loc glicoliza si biosinteza AG?

Answer 6

citoplasma

Question 7

unde are loc B-oxidarea AG?

Answer 7

mitocondrie si peroxizomi

Question 8

dubla compartimentare

Answer 8

GNG si ciclu ureogenetic

Question 8

hormoni implicati in reglare enzime astfel:

Answer 8

1. covalent: fosforilare - defosforilare
2. cantitativ

Question 9

reglare enzime

Answer 9

1. alosteric
2. covalent: fosforilare - defosforilare
3. cantitativ

Question 10

met glucidic ficat
(s,g,c,c)

Answer 10

stocare glicogen, gluconeogeneza, cale pentozo-fosfati, cale acid glucuronic

Question 10

insulina favorizeaza si:

Answer 10

lipoliza, proteoliza, cetogeneza, intrare in celula a ionilor (K, PO4)

Question 11

ce nu poate utiliza ficatul?

Answer 11

corpi cetonici

Question 12

met lipidic ficat
(bo, bc,bc,ba)

Answer 12

beta oxidare acizi grasi
* biosinteza corpi cetonici
* biosinteza colesterol si acizi biliari
* biosinteza acizi grasi si trigliceride (VLDL)

Question 13

t adipos: sinteza TG se poate face doar daca exista:

Answer 13

glicerol-3 fosfat( obtinut
din glucoza in glicoliza)

Question 13

combustibil preferat ficat - met proteic

Answer 13

α-cetoacizii

Question 14

met proteic ficat
(c,b,c)

Answer 14

α-cetoacizii: combustibilul preferat
- biosinteza proteinelor proprii si a proteinelor plasmatice
- ciclul ureogenetic

Question 15

combustibil preferat t adipos

Answer 15

glucoza

Question 16

t adipos: catabolism TG

Answer 16

lipaza hormon sensibila: glicerol si acizi grasi spre
ficat

Question 17

muschiul scheletic nu are receptori pt

Answer 17

glucagon (=> glicogenoliza stimulata de epinefrina)

Question 18

combustibil preferat miocard

Answer 18

acizii grasi

Question 19

glicemii adullt si nou nascut impedimente
majore de functionare

Answer 19

mai mici de 40 mg/dl adult si 20 mg/dl

Question 20

ce nu poate utiliza creierul?

Answer 20

AG (nu traverseaza BHE)

Question 21

creierul are rezerve energetice?

Answer 21

nu

Question 22

POSTPRANDIAL INSULINA/GLUCAGON
t adipos

Answer 22

• lipoprotein lipaza – trigliceride din chilomicroni si VLDL
• glucoza→ ATP si glicerol-3- fosfat

Question 22

POSTPRANDIAL INSULINA/GLUCAGON
ficat

Answer 22

• stocare glicogen
• sinteza acizi grasi si trigliceride → VLDL
• aminoacizi – partial utilizati si partial distribuiti spre tesuturi
• ciclul ureogenetic

Question 23

utilizeaza glucoza drept combustibil

Answer 23

Muschi
Rinichi
Creier
Miocard

Question 24

POST SCURT glucagon/insulina
ficat+muschi

Answer 24

FICAT: glicogenoliza
gluconeogeneza din lactat, glicerol, aminoacizi
MUSCHI: acizii grasi

Question 25

POST SCURT glucagon/insulina
miocard, t adipos, creier

Answer 25

MIOCARD: acizii grasi
TESUT ADIPOS: lipoliza
Creier → glucoza din gluconeogeneza

Question 26

POST MODERAT 1-3 zile
ficat, muschi

Answer 26

FICAT: gluconeogeneza pt creier
MUSCHI: utilizeaza acizi grasi
proteoliza pt a furniza aminoacizi pt gluconeogeneza

Question 27

POST MODERAT 1-3 zile
miocard, creier

Answer 27

MIOCARD: utilizeaza acizii grasi
CREIER→ glucoza din gluconeogeneza /TESUT ADIPOS

Question 28

Post prelungit (infometare) – mai mult de 3 zile

Answer 28

• Creier: corpi cetonici
• Muschi: corpi cetonici→ scutesc aminoacizii pt gluconeogeneza

Supravietuire: 30 zile - 3 luni in functie de rezervele energetice