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Unit 4 Quiz Questions > Bio- Unit 4 Quiz > Flashcards

Bio- Unit 4 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of cell division actually contains two rounds of cell division, the chromosome reduction round and the division round?

A

Meiosis

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2
Q

The separation of the cytoplasm of a cell during cell division is known as?

A

Cytokinesis

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3
Q

The stage of mitosis when the spindle apparatus first appears is?

A

Prophase

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4
Q

Why do multicellular eukaryotic organisms that sexually reproduce undergo mitosis?

A

Growth, repair, healing and maintenance

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5
Q

Duplication of chromosomes (DNA replication) occurs in which stage of the cell cycle in a somatic cell?

A

S phase of interphase

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6
Q

During mitosis and meiosis the microtubule fibers of the spindle attached to the_____of the chromosome.

A

Kinetochore at the centromere

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7
Q

The main benefit of sexual reproduction versus asexual reproduction is?

A

Greater genetic diversity which leads to increased survival of the species

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8
Q

Crossing over occurs between______ during the______ phase of meiosis.

A

Non-sister chromatids; tetrad prophase 1

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9
Q

The only condition in which human survive with only 45 chromosomes is called?

A

Turner syndrome (Monosomy X) XO

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10
Q

A goat’s chromosome number is 60. After meiosis the goat scammates will contain how many chromosomes? Goats are diploid organisms.

A

30

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11
Q

What is a wild type trait?

A

The trait or phenotype that is mostly common seen in a population

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12
Q

What is an organism’s genetic makeup that is conventionally symbolized by two letters and can be either heterozygous or homozygous?

A

Genotype Aa, AA, aa

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13
Q

What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring of a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals?

A

1:2:1

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14
Q

The type A B of the ABO blood system is an example of______ (pattern of inheritance).

A

Codominance

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15
Q

What are the possible genotypes of a person with type B blood?

A

BB or BO blood only

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16
Q

In incomplete dominance, if there are two possible alleles, how many possible phenotypes are there?

A

3

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17
Q

What is an example of polygenetic inheritance?

A

Human height, hair color, eye color

18
Q

Progeria is an autosomal_________ genetic disorder that results in premature aging.

A

Dominant

19
Q

What is the patterns of inheritance when alleles are both fully expressed in heterozygous individuals?

A

Co-dominance

20
Q

What is epistasis? When traits are affected by multiple genes that influence one another.

A

Lab coat color

21
Q

What is a chart showing the pattern of inheritance of a gene through generations in a family?

A

Pedigree

22
Q

What is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromosome?

A

Telomeres

23
Q

What is the term for one of two attached members of a duplicated eukaryotic chromosome?

A

Sister chromatid

24
Q

What are the forms of a gene that encodes slightly different versions of the genes product?

A

Alleles

25
Q

A ________is a sales complete compliment of DNA.

A

Genome

26
Q

X-linked genetic disorders are more commonly seen in which of the sexes?

A

Males

27
Q

How many chromosomes are in a somatic cell of down syndrome individual?

A

47

28
Q

If an individual is homozygous for a certain gene, how many alleles can they pass on to their offspring?

A

One

29
Q

Red - green color blindness and hemophilia are examples of?

A

Sex-linked or X-linked disorders

30
Q

A condition like sickle cell anemia that involves one single gene impacting several characteristics is an example of?

A

Pleiotropy

31
Q

In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals, what is the phenotypic ratio of a trait that shows an incomplete dominant inheritance pattern?

A

1:2:1 (1 red, 2 pink, 1 white)

32
Q

States that sells have a limited amount of times they can divide, cells will die after about 60 cell divisions.

A

The hayflick limit

33
Q

The enzyme responsible for adding the six nucleotides sequence that repeats at the end of telomere, TTA GGG

A

Telomerase

34
Q

What is the form of skin cancer that is second most common and has an ulcerated appearance most often?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

35
Q

What is the term that refers to an allele with an effect that is masked by a dominant allele paired with it?

A

Recessive (Thando Hopa) (albino mother and black baby)

36
Q

The chromosome with the genes that are responsible for making a male, a male is the ______ chromosome.

A

Y

37
Q

What is an example of an organism that is oviparous?

A

All birds and monotremes

38
Q

What are the methods for increasing genetic diversity via sexual reproduction?

A

Independent assortment of alleles, crossing over and random fusion of gametes

39
Q

The term for when chromosomes fail to separate correctly leading to an aneuploidy

A

Non-disjunction

40
Q

During which phase of the cell cycle do chromosomes go from being unduplicated I-shaped chromosomes to being duplicated X-shaped chromosomes?

A

S-DNA synthesis… DNA replication

Unit 4 Quiz Questions (1 decks)

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