bio transport unit

Question 0

Respiration and transport in earthworm

Answer 0

Respiration: diffusion through moist skin
Transport: closed circulation with blood, arches for heart, hemoglobin carries O2

Question 1

Respiration and transport in amoeba, paramecium and hydra

Answer 1

All diffusion!! O2 diffuses in and CO2 diffuses out. No blood involved.

Question 2

Respiration in grasshopper

Answer 2

“nose” hole- spiracle
O2 moves into tubes
O2 diffuses into spaces (sinus)
O2 diffuses from sinus to cells

Question 3

Transport in grasshopper

Answer 3

Open circulation
No hemoglobin- no O2 transport
Fluid circulated openly through sinus (space) from tube with heat to body and back

Question 4

Life process of transport

Answer 4

absorption and circulation of materials within organism

Question 5

Types of transport across cell membranes

Answer 5

Diffusion, active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis

Question 6

Special features of circulatory system

Answer 6

3 cell types
3 vessel types
2 pathways
2 pumps

Question 7

Pacemaker

Answer 7

Generated signal on right atria- sets rate of beating of heart

Question 8

Blood pressure

Answer 8

Result of heart muscle contraction
Expressed as systole/diastole
Systole: arteries at heart contraction
Diastole: arteries at heart relaxation

Question 9

Pulse

Answer 9

Pressure of left ventricle contraction felt in ARTERIES ONLY

Question 10

Coronary circulation

Answer 10

Heart to heart
Part of systemic pathway
Blood supplied to heart muscle itself
Blockage in this pathway leads to a heart attack!

Question 11

Plasma

Answer 11

Made up of dissolved nutrients, metabolic wastes, salts and CO2 and proteins which do various things

Question 12

Red blood cells

Answer 12

No nucleus
Contain hemoglobin- a protein which binds O2
Transport O2 to body

Question 13

Disorders of circulatory system

Answer 13

High blood pressure
Heart attack
Hardening of the arteries- build up of fat in arteries- increasing blood pressure

Question 14

Lymphatic system

Answer 14

Open system of vessels which collect plasma that leaked out of capillaries

Question 15

Intercellular fluid

Answer 15

When body fluids are out of blood vessels- collected in open ended lymph vessels

Question 16

Lymph

Answer 16

When fluid is collected in a lymph vessel it is called this

Question 17

Lymph nodes

Answer 17

Specialized areas that devour germs and dirt from body fluids
The clean lymph is returned to plasma

Question 18

Alveoli

Answer 18

Tiny air sacs that fill the lungs and increase surface area

Question 19

Diseases of the respiratory system

Answer 19

Asthma, lung cancer, emphysema- alveoli walls lose elasticity and air capacity of lungs is diminished

Question 20

Oxygen is used for……

Answer 20

Aerobic cell respiration- you do this to get ENERGY!

Question 21

Trapping and storing energy

Answer 21

ADP + P = ATP

Question 22

Using the energy

Answer 22

ATP —> ADP + P

Question 23

Equation for aerobic cellular respiration

Answer 23

O2 + glucose/food ——> ATP + CO2 + H2O

Question 24

Stages of aerobic respiration: glycolysis

Answer 24

In cytoplasm
Glucose is split into 2- called pyruvic acid.
2 ATP

Question 25

Krebs cycle

Answer 25

In mitochondria
CO2 is spun off and removed.
H+ and electrons carried to the electrons transport chain
2 ATP

Question 26

Electron transport

Answer 26

In mitochondria
Electrons/H+ passed through series of reactions.
Ends up paired with O2 (breathed in) to form H2O
34 ATP

Question 27

Equation for Anaerobic respiration

Answer 27

Glucose —-> pyruvic acid —fermentation—> lactic acid

+2 ATP

Question 28

Lactic acid

Answer 28

Makes your muscles feel sore

Question 29

Muscle fatigue

Answer 29

Effect of anaerobic respiration in muscle cells

Question 30

Equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast

Answer 30

Glucose —-> 2 pyruvic acids —> 2 ATP + 2 ethanol + CO2
Ethanol/ Alcohol is produced
Carbon dioxide causes bread to rise