bio test 3/11 Flashcards
heterotroph
things that must derive food from other sources in order to survive
invertebrate
animals that lack a backbone
vertebrate
animals that HAVE a backbone
in terms of classification, what are the 3 broader groups?
Kingdom, Phylum, Class
in terms of classification, what are the 3 more specific groups?
family, genus, species
What are the different organizations that animals are put into?
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (D,K,P,C,O,F,G,S)
Prokaryotic extremophiles are classified as what?
archaea
plants, animals, protists, fungi, and humans are classified as what?
eukarya
Cyanobacteria and true bacteria are classified as what?
bacteria
body symmetry
an animals body shape and whether or not it can be bisected by one or multiple planes to produce two equal halves.
asymmetrical
having no distinct body symmetry
radial symmetry
a circular body shape where all the parts are evenly arranged about the center
bilateral symmetry
the animal can only be bisected in one plane to produce a right and left half
cellular organization
whether the organism is a collection of cells or whether it has distinct tissues, organs or organ systems
body segmentation
allows for specialization of distinct body regions, segmented vs. not segmented
cephalization
an area of concentrated sensory structures at the anterior end of the animal (mouth, eyes,brain, etc.)
incomplete digestive tract
a single opening which serves to both take in for and eject digestive waste
complete digestive tract
there are two openings, a mouth and an anus
jointed appendages
limbs that have distinct articulation that enable greater control of movement (does not mean skeletal system)
non-jointed appendages
body is 1 free moving vesicle
hydrostatic body support system
body fluid and structural fibers that contract
endoskeleton
calcium-based internal framework
exoskeleton
external coverings that give the body shape and protect vital organs
dichotomous key
constructed from a series of couplets, or mutually exclusive choices
medusa
moving
polyp
e.g. hydra
cnidae
specialized stinging devices
nematocyst
most common form of cnidae
dorsoventrally flattened
the body that is flat from the lower and upper surfaces
bivalvia (animal examples)
clams, mussels, oysters (animals that have been modified for digging into sand)
gastropoda (animal examples)
slugs, welks
cephalopoda (animal examples)
squid, octopus, cuttlefish (animals are highly developed in terms of circulatory system, senses, nervous system)
phylum arthropoda
6 major classes, largest and most diverse
phylum echinodermata
evolutionary closest to vertebrates
porifera (examples)
sponges
cnidaria (examples)
anemones, corals, jellyfish
platyhelminthes (examples)
flatworms, flukes, tapeworms
mollusca (examples)
clams, snails, squid, whelk
arthropoda (examples)
insects, spiders, crabs, craytisn
echinodermata (examples)
sea star, sea cucumbers, sand dollars
Out of the invertebrate phyla, which grouping has both body segment and jointed appendages present?
arthropoda
