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science - 10 > Bio test 2 > Flashcards

Bio test 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Key term : stem cells

A

Unspecialized/simple cells that can become any kind of cell in animals

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2
Q

Key term : meristematic

A

Simple cell that can become anything in plants

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3
Q

Key term : Cell specialization

A

Process where simple cells turn into complex cells with a function, special shape, unique internal structure or unique connection with other cells

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4
Q

Key term : epithelial

A

Cells - tightly packed together
Tissue - covers and protects body
Ex. Upper layer of skin
Animals

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5
Q

Key term : muscle cells/tissue

A

Cells - contains proteins which relax and contract
Tissue - allows movement
Ex muscle in heart
Animal

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6
Q

Key term : nervous tissue/cell

A

Cells - have branches to connect together
Tissue - transmits and responds to information
Ex. Veins in arms
(Animals)

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7
Q

Key term : connective tissue

A

Cells - variety of structures and shapes
Tissue - support and protection
Ex. Red blood cells in blood

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8
Q

Key term : red blood cells

A

Type of blood cells that is made in bone marrow and found in blood

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9
Q

Key term : epidermal tissue

A

Cells - tightly packed with some holes
Tissue - protects out cover
Ex. Stomata - Cells on leaves with space
(Plant)

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10
Q

Key term : vascular

A

Cells - connected to form long tubes
Tissues - moves substances between roots and leaves
Ex. Xylem and phloem

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11
Q

Key term : Meristematic tissues/cells

A

Cells - simple cells undergoing division
Tissue - grows new parts of plants
Ex. Buds
(Plants)

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12
Q

Key term : ground cells/tissue

A

cells - variety of shapes, structure and function
Tissue - supports and protects
Ex. Mesosphyll

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13
Q

Key term : Stomata

A

Cells on leaves with spaces

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14
Q

Key term : xylem + phloem

A

Xylem - transports water
Phloem - transports sugars

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15
Q

Mesosphyll

A

The cells in leaves for photosynthesis

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16
Q

Diffusion

A

How oxygen moves blood - movement from areas “oxygen moves blood via diffusion”

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17
Q

Key term : Integumentary system

A

Covers and protects body

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18
Q

Key term : muscular system

A

Generate movement of body and within body

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19
Q

Key term : skeletal system

A

Provides shape, support, and protection

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20
Q

Key term : circulatory/cardiovascular systems

A

Distribute nutrients and collects waste from the body.

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21
Q

Key term : nervous system

A

Controls body by sending and receiving signals

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22
Q

Key term : lymphatic/immune system

A

Distribute fluids and fight against invaders

23
Q

Key term : respiratory

A

Brings oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

24
Q

Key term : Endocrine System

A

Monsters and regulates processes in the body

25
Q

Key term : Digestive system

A

Breaks down and absorb nutrients and releases remaining waste

26
Q

Key term : urinary system

A

Removes and real ease waste from blood

27
Q

Key term : reproductive system

A

Produces sperm/egg cells for sexual reproduction

28
Q

Frog parts with legs

A

Thumb pads - determine the sex
Hind legs - for jumping
5 webbed toes, 4 webbed fingers
Mouth
External nares
Eyes
Nictitating membrane
Tympanum

29
Q

Frog parts inside the mouth

A

Vomerine teeth, maxillary teeth, internal nares, tongue, Eustachian tubes, esophagus, pharynx, glottis

30
Q

Inside the frog

A

Liver - three lobes
Stomach
Heart
Lungs
Esophagus
Small/large intestine
Pancreas
Heart - left/right atrium

31
Q

Biological levels of organization and example of each

A
  1. Atom - hydrogen
  2. Molecule - glucose
  3. Organelle - lysosomes
  4. Cell - blood cell
  5. Tissue - nervous tissue
  6. Organ - heart
  7. Organ systems - circulatory
  8. Organisms
32
Q

Why do we dissect frog

A
  • contribute to knowledge of anatomy
  • appreciate variability/anomalies in organism
  • hands on learning
  • learn/practice new skills
  • interesting/inspiring
33
Q

Equipment in frog dissection

A

Styrofoam dissection tray
Scalp
Scissors
Probe
Tweezers
Dissection pins

34
Q

Dissection rules

A

Safety first
- must be standing
- gloves and goggle at all time
- tell someone if not we’ll
- sit on floor if you feel faint
Techniques
- must hold tweezers when cutting
- Caution scissors and scalp
Disposal/clean
- frog parts go in bucket
- paper towel and newspaper in garbage
-equipment clean and dry

35
Q

Rules for biological diagrams

A
  • no arrows
  • lowercase letters
    -lines don’t cross
    -horizontal lines are all lined up
  • Clean sharp lines
36
Q

What are the 4 types of plant organs

A

Stem, leaf, root, flower

37
Q

Organ : stem

A

Transports water and nutrients
- epidermal
- vascular
- ground

38
Q

Organ : flower

A

Produces sex cells
- ground tissue
- vascular tissue

39
Q

Organ : leaf

A

Site of photosynthesis
- Epidermal
- vascular
-ground

40
Q

Organ : root

A

Anchors and absorbs nutrients
- ground
-epidermal
-vascular
-meristematic

41
Q

How many animal organs are there

A

78 main animal organs

42
Q

Function of gallbladder and tissue

A
  • stores bile and release it to help digest fat
  • epithelial tissue
43
Q

Function of stomach and tissue

A

Helps digest food
- epithelial tissue
- nervous tissue
- Connective tissue
- muscle tissue

44
Q

Function of : spleen

A

Removes old blood cells and helps develop white blood cells

45
Q

Function of large intestine :

A

Moves water from cell track to blood stream

46
Q

Function of small intestine

A

Absorbs nutrients from food in blood stream

47
Q

Function of liver

A

Makes bile that digest food and vitamin

48
Q

Function of kidney

A

Filter blood extracting waste in the form of urine

49
Q

Function of bones

A

Work with muscle hold our body together while allowing movement

50
Q

Function of lungs

A

Bring blood to and from the lungs. Moves oxygen in blood via diffusion

51
Q

Organ systems interacting : circulatory system and digestive

A

Small and large intestine break down and absorb nutrients from food
They are transported around the body by blood

52
Q

Organ systems interacting : bones and muscles

A
  • muscle contract and relax
  • bones are pulled by muscles allowing them to move
53
Q

Organ systems interacting : respiratory and circulatory

A
  • lungs bring oxygen into blood
  • oxygen moves blood via diffusion
  • oxygen is transported around the body via blood
54
Q

Who is Alcmaeon

A

The first person to dissect a human he was a Greek philosopher

science - 10 (5 decks)

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