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Biology - reproduction > Bio Reproduction > Flashcards

Bio Reproduction Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Zygote

A

the single cell which results from fertilization

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2
Q

fertilization

A

the fusion of gametes

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3
Q

gametes

A

specialized sex cells which provide genetic material for sexual reproduction

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4
Q

Ovulation

A

the release of a mature egg cell from a follicle

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5
Q

Follicle Stage

A
  • egg cell matures

- uterine lining builds up

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6
Q

Stages of the Menstrual Cycle

A
  • Follicle Stage
  • Ovulation
  • Corpus Luteum Stage
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7
Q

Vagina

A

passageway between uterus and the outside

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8
Q

Cervix

A

narrow opening between uterus and vagina

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9
Q

Uterus

A
  • thick muscular walls

- where the embryo develops

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10
Q

oviducts

A
  • tubes which connect each ovary to the uterus
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11
Q

ovaries

A
  • produce female gametes
  • produce progesterone
  • produce estrogen
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12
Q

penis

A

deposits sperm cells into female reproductive tract

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13
Q

urethra

A

tube which carries sperm and urine

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14
Q

vas deferens

A

tube which carries sperm from testes to the urethra

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15
Q

epididymis

A

stores sperm

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16
Q

scrotum

A

sac of skin which contains testes and keeps testes at 94 deg for optimum sperm production

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17
Q

testes

A
  • produce male gametes
  • produce testosterone
  • controls secondary sex characteristics
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18
Q

amnion

A

membranes which surround and cushions the embryo

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19
Q

umbilical cord

A

connects the placenta and embryo

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20
Q

placenta

A

structure which exchanges nutrients, oxygen, and waste

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21
Q

amnion

A

surrounds embryo

22
Q

allantois

A

stored metabolic wastes

23
Q

Cowper’s gland

A

provides liquid environment for sperm

24
Q

seed coat

A

Outer covering of the ovule

25
Q

receptacle

A

stem part where flower originates

26
Q

Sepal

A

protect flower bud

27
Q

petal

A

used to attract pollinators

28
Q

ovary

A

contains the ovules and produces eggs

29
Q

Style

A

supports stigma

30
Q

Stigma

A

receives pollen grains

31
Q

Filament

A

supports each anther

32
Q

anther

A

produces pollen

33
Q

pistil

A
  • female reproductive structure
  • 3 parts
    Stigma, Style, Ovary
34
Q

Stamen

A
  • male reproductive structure

- 2 parts - anther and filiment

35
Q

identical twins

A

develop from same egg and sperm

36
Q

Fraternal Twins

A

develop from 2 twins and 2 sperm

37
Q

Menstruation

A

uterine lining breaks down and is discharged from body

38
Q

Corpus Luteum Stage

A

progesterone gets released from the ovary

39
Q

chorion

A

outer most membrane

40
Q

differentiation

A

process by which unspecialized cells become specialized cells, tissues, and organs

41
Q

gastrulation

A

hollow ball embryo becomes 3 germ layer embryo called gastrula

42
Q

cleavage

A

a series of mitotic cell divisions

43
Q

oogenesis

A

the production of egg cells in the ovaries

44
Q

spermatogenesis

A

the production of sperm cells in the testes

45
Q

homologous chromosomes

A

pairs of chromosomes which are the same size and shape and control the same characteristics

46
Q

haploid

A

half of the complete number of chromosomes

chromosome number

47
Q

diploid

A

the complete number of chromosomes for a given species
- all cells of an organism have the diploid number of chromosomes except gametes
(chromosome number)

48
Q

sexual reproduction

A

the production of a new individual resulting from the union of genetic material from two different sources or two different parents

49
Q

Only ________ have the haploid number of chromosomes

A

gametes

50
Q

karyotype

A

representation of individual chromosomes that have been cut out of a photograph and arranged in pairs and placed in order of size

Biology - reproduction (1 decks)

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