Bio Quiz (Chapter 5 & 6)

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

Movement from High to Low Concentration

Question 2

Permeable

Answer 2

Things can pass through

Question 3

Selectively/Semi Permeable

Answer 3

Some things can pass through

Question 4

Gradient

Answer 4

Level of concentration. (passive transport) high->low, (active transport) low->high

Question 5

Solute

Answer 5

The thing being dissolved in water.
Water moves to dilute solutes, no energy required.

Question 6

Hypertonic

Answer 6

Causes cells to shrivel up, makes water move out

Question 7

Hypotonic

Answer 7

Causes cells to expand, makes water move in

Question 8

Isotonic

Answer 8

Equilibrium or balance, water in = water out

Question 9

Active Transport

Answer 9

Requires Energy (ATP)

Question 10

Passive Transport

Answer 10

Doesn’t require energy

Question 11

Osmosis

Answer 11

Diffusion of water through the cell membrane

Question 12

Aquaporins

Answer 12

Protein channels that allow water to move (responsible for the diffusion of water)

Question 13

Phospholipid Bilayer

Answer 13

Two layers of phospholipids, inside is hydrophobic, outside is hydrophilic

Question 14

Metabolism

Answer 14

All chemical reactions

Question 15

Catabolic

Answer 15

Breaks down large molecules, releases energy

Question 16

Anabolic

Answer 16

Makes large molecules, requires energy

Question 17

Energy

Answer 17

The ability to do work

Question 18

Kinetic Energy

Answer 18

Energy released, movement

Question 19

Potential Energy

Answer 19

Stored energy, position, chemical bonds

Question 20

Exothermic Reactions

Answer 20

Release heat (turns hot)

Question 21

Endothermic Reactions

Answer 21

Absorb heat (turns cold)

Question 22

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 22

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but it can be transformed.

Question 23

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 23

Loss of energy, disorder (entropy). There is a 90% energy loss due to live heat loss. Only 10% of the total energy goes to consumers.

Question 24

Photosynthesis

Answer 24

Light turns into glucose because plants are built different.

Question 25

(Variable) G

Answer 25

Energy Available to do work

Question 26

Glucose

Answer 26

ATP + Heat

Question 27

ΔG

Answer 27

Change

Question 28

ATP

Answer 28

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 29

ADP

Answer 29

Adenosine Diphosphate

Question 30

Exergonic

Answer 30

Energy Release (ΔG< Zero)

Question 31

Endergonic

Answer 31

Energy Input (ΔG> Zero)

Question 32

Catalyst

Answer 32

Speeds up a chemical reaction

Question 33

Enzyme

Answer 33

A protein catalyst

Question 34

Activation Energy

Answer 34

The energy needed to start a reaction

Question 35

Denature

Answer 35

When hydrogen bonds in the protein break, causing the secondary and tertiary structures to be destroyed. This is irreversible.