Bio Quiz (Chapter 5 & 6) Flashcards
Diffusion
Movement from High to Low Concentration
Permeable
Things can pass through
Selectively/Semi Permeable
Some things can pass through
Gradient
Level of concentration. (passive transport) high->low, (active transport) low->high
Solute
The thing being dissolved in water.
Water moves to dilute solutes, no energy required.
Hypertonic
Causes cells to shrivel up, makes water move out
Hypotonic
Causes cells to expand, makes water move in
Isotonic
Equilibrium or balance, water in = water out
Active Transport
Requires Energy (ATP)
Passive Transport
Doesn’t require energy
Osmosis
Diffusion of water through the cell membrane
Aquaporins
Protein channels that allow water to move (responsible for the diffusion of water)
Phospholipid Bilayer
Two layers of phospholipids, inside is hydrophobic, outside is hydrophilic
Metabolism
All chemical reactions
Catabolic
Breaks down large molecules, releases energy
Anabolic
Makes large molecules, requires energy
Energy
The ability to do work
Kinetic Energy
Energy released, movement
Potential Energy
Stored energy, position, chemical bonds
Exothermic Reactions
Release heat (turns hot)
Endothermic Reactions
Absorb heat (turns cold)
1st Law of Thermodynamics
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but it can be transformed.
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Loss of energy, disorder (entropy). There is a 90% energy loss due to live heat loss. Only 10% of the total energy goes to consumers.
Photosynthesis
Light turns into glucose because plants are built different.
