bio quiz 3 Flashcards
biology quiz 3
prokaryotic
bacteria
flagella
plural
flagellum
singular
flagella
whip-like structure that allow motility. Attached to the cell wall through the plasma membrane
4 arrangements of flagella
monotrichous-one flagellum at one pole
amphithrichous- several flagella at each pole
lophitrichous- several flagella at one pole
peritrichous- flagella all over the cell
Pilli
long extensions off cell wall. Pilli are used for plasmid membrane exchange and cell-to-cell contact
Fimbraie
not present in eukaryotes and is used for attachment to surfaces
cell wall
provides structure and support for bacterial cells
plasma membrane
made of a bilayer of phospholipids. used for selective transport into the cell.
Cytoplasm
Supports organelles. thick liquid portion inside cell. Composed mainly of water, and proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, ions, small molecules.
nucleoid region
not present in eukaryotes (contains genetic material (DNA) of the cell. Not surrounded by a membrane
the plasma membrane can mutate and stop the membranes from entering the cells
true
plasmids
small circular pieces of dna that are found in cytoplasm. Contain several genes not neccessary for survival, but may contain antibiotic resistance genes, Replicates separately from the DNA.
Ribosomes
functions in protein synthesis. Composed of 2 subunits made of ribosomal proteins and rna. Targets antibiotics.
Endospores
survival mechanism for bacillus and clostridium/ cell shrinkage and are not present in eukaryotes
dna coils to chromatin. chromatin coils to chromosomes
true
histones are found in histones
true
lysosomes are not in plan cells
true
Dna is wrapped around proteins and then forms long fibers called chromatin
true
the egg is the biggest cell in the body
true
Each human contains 46 chromosomes (23) pairs in its nucleus with the exception of sperm and eggs, which only have 23 chromosomes
true
the nucleolus produces ribosomal RNA
true
what membrane is the nucleus surrounded by
the nuclear membrane
the nuclear membrane
is a double membrane (has 2 layers) and has pores for exit of ribsome components and RNA.
Endomembrane system RER
the RER is the membrane that is an extension of the nuclear envelope. functions: to make more membrane, and to make secretory proteins that will be excreted out of the cell. ex: antibodies
