BIO PSYCHOLOGY

Question 1

plays a vital role in producing a
behavior.

Answer 1

BRAIN

Question 2

are interested in
measuring biological, physiological, or genetic
variables in an attempt to relate them to
psychological or behavioral variables.

Answer 2

Biological psychologists

Question 3

different species of animal can be
studied and compared. This can help
in the search to understand human
behavior.

Answer 3

Comparative
Method

Question 4

how the nervous system and
hormones work, how the brain
functions, how changes in
structure and/or function can
affect behavior.

Answer 4

Physiology

Question 5

what an animal inherits from
its parents, mechanisms of
inheritance (genetics).

Answer 5

inheritance

Question 6

is an interdisciplinary science that
works closely with other disciplines, such
psychology, and medicine. It involves the study of
how the nervous system develops, its structure, and
what it does.

Answer 6

Neuroscience

Question 7

can be viewed as a bridge
between the disciplines of psychology and
neuroscience.

Answer 7

biopsychology

Question 8

• focuses on the direct manipulation of the nervous system in
  controlled laboratory settings (e.g., lesions, electrical stimulation,
  invasive recording) thus, subjects are usually laboratory animals
  strong focus on pure research.

Answer 8

1. Physiological Psychology.

Question 9

• like physiological psychology except that the nervous system is
  manipulated pharmacologically
• focuses on drug effects on behavior and how these changes are
  mediated by changes in neural activity
• many psychopharmacologists favor pure research and use drugs to
  reveal the nature of brain-behavior interactions; many others
  study applied questions (e.g., drug abuse, therapeutic drugs).

Answer 9

2. Psychopharmacology

Question 10

• focuses on the behavioral deficits produced in humans by brain
  damage, typically cortical damage
• can’t be studied in humans by experimentation; deals almost
  exclusively with case studies and quasi-experimental studies
• most applied; neuropsychological tests of brain-damaged patients
  facilitate diagnosis, treatment, and lifestyle counseling.

Answer 10

3. Neuropsychology

Question 11

• focuses on the relation between physiology and behavior by
  recording the physiological responses of human subjects
• because humans are used, all brain recording is noninvasive (i.e.,
  from the surface of the head)
• usual measure of brain activity is the scalp electroencephalogram
  (EEG)
• muscle tension, eye movement, heart rate, pupil dilation, and
  electrical conductance of the skin are other common measures.

Answer 11

4. Psychophysiology

Question 12

• newest division of biopsychology
• focuses on the neural bases of cognitive processes like learning
  and memory, attention, and complex perceptual processes
• often employs human subjects; key methods are noninvasive,
  functional brain imaging techniques
• often involves collaborations between researchers with widely
  different backgrounds (e.g., psychology, linguistics, computer
  science).

Answer 12

5.Cognitive Neuroscience

Question 13

• study of evolutionary and genetic factors in behavior
• features comparative and functional approaches
• features laboratory research as well as studies of animals in their
  natural environments (ethology).

Answer 13

6. Comparative Psychology

Question 14

It controls higher functions such as learning,
reasoning, and speech plus senses like sight and
hearing.

Answer 14

Cerebrum

Question 15

This part of the brain is responsible for
coordinating voluntary movements. It is also
responsible for a number of functions including
motor skills such as balance, coordination, and
posture.

Answer 15

Cerebellum

Question 16

lies in front of the cerebellum and anchors
the brain to the spinal cord.

Answer 16

Brainstem

Question 17

Motor commands dealing with eye movement,
chewing, and facial expressions also originate in the

Answer 17

pons

Question 18

a region of fibers and structures that help control
movement, along with auditory and visual processing.

Answer 18

midbrain

Question 19

The point where the brainstem
connects to the spinal cord.

Answer 19

medulla

Question 20

The core of the brain.

Answer 20

Diencephalon

Question 21

also
known as the motor
cortex, this portion of
the brain is involved
in motor skills, higher
level cognition, and
expressive language.

Answer 21

Frontal lobe:

Question 22

also known as
the somatosensory cortex, this
portion of the brain is involved
in the processing of other
tactile sensory information
such as pressure, touch, and
pain.

Answer 22

Parietal lobe:

Question 23

also known as the auditory cortex,
this portion of the brain is involved in the
interpretation of the sounds and language we hear.

Answer 23

Temporal lobe:

Question 24

also
known as the visual
cortex, this portion of the
brain is involved in
interpreting visual stimuli
and information.

Answer 24

Occipital lobe:

Question 25

evolved mechanism of the brain to
protect itself. It is a semi-permeable
cellular wall that only allows specific
chemicals to enter from the body’s blood
stream into the brain.

Answer 25

Blood-brain barrier

Question 26

This is a way of

recording the electrical activity of the brain (non-
invasive)

Answer 26

Electroencephalograms (EEGs) -

Question 27

More recently methods of studying the
brain have been developed using various types of
scanning equipment hooked up to powerful
computers.

Answer 27

Brain Scans

Question 28

The mind is about mental processes,
thought and consciousness. The body
is about the physical aspects of
the brain-neurons and how the brain
is structured.

Answer 28

DUALISM

Question 29

is the belief that ultimately
the mind and the brain are the same
thing (e.g., when there is water, there
is life.

Answer 29

MONISM

Question 30

A limitation is that most biological explanations
are

Answer 30

REDUCTIONIST

Question 31

is a nerve cell that is the basic
building block of the nervous system, are specialized cells that transmit chemical and
electrical signals to facilitate communication
between the brain and the body.

Answer 31

NEURON

Question 32

are branch-like
structures extending away from the
cell body, and their job is to receive
messages from other neurons and
allow those messages to travel to
the cell body.

Answer 32

DENDRITES

Question 33

Like other cells, each
neuron has a soma
that contains a nucleus, smooth
and rough endoplasmic reticulum,
Golgi apparatus, mitochondria,
and other cellular components.

Answer 33

CELL BODY

Question 34

at its most
basic, is a tube-like
structure that carries an
electrical impulse from
the cell body (or from
another cell’s dendrites)
to the structures at
opposite end of the
neuron

Answer 34

AXON

Question 35

pass the impulse to another neuron. The cell body contains a specialized
structure, the axon hillock, which serves as a junction between the cell body and the axon.

Answer 35

AXON TERMINALS

Question 36

periodic gap in
the insulating sheath (myelin) on
the axon of certain neurons that serves
to facilitate the rapid conduction
of nerve impulses.

Answer 36

NODES OF RANVIER

Question 37

This external
coating functions as insulation to
minimize dissipation of the electrical
signal as it travels down the axon.

Answer 37

MYELIN SHEATH

Question 38

The myelin sheath is not
actually part of the neuron.

Answer 38

GLIAL CELLS

Question 39

In the central nervous system, the glial cells that form the
myelin sheath are called ; in the _____ peripheral nervous system, they are called Schwann cells.

Answer 39

oligodendrocytes

Question 40

are neurons responsible for
converting external stimuli from the environment
into corresponding internal stimuli.

Answer 40

SENSORY NEURONS

Question 41

are neurons located in the central
nervous system, and they project their axons outside
of the CNS to directly or indirectly control muscles.

Answer 41

MOTOR NEURONS

Question 42

are neither sensory nor motor;
rather, they act as the “middlemen” that form
connections between the other two types.

Answer 42

INTERNEURONS

Question 43

Reverse of the Sodium potassium
pump happened during action

potential

Answer 43

REPOLARIZATION