Bio Process Chart 22-23

Question 1

Bacillus Cereus

Answer 1

Common Name: Cereus Food poisoning
Onset Time: 10-16 hrs
Signs & Symptoms: Abdominal cramps, watery diarrhea, nausea
Duration: 24-48 hrs
Food Sources: Meats, stews, gravies, vanilla sauce
- Bacterium

Question 2

Campylobacter jejuni

Answer 2

Common Name: campylobacteriosis
Onset Time: 2-5 days
Symptoms: Cramps, Diarrhea (may be bloody), fever, vomiting,
Duration: 2-10 days
Food sources: Raw and undercooked poultry, unpasteurized milk, contaminated water
- Bacteria - Campylobacter bacteria

Question 3

Clostridium botulinum

Answer 3

Common name: Botulism
Onset Time: 12-71 hours
Symptoms: vomiting, diarrhea, blurred vision, double vision, difficulty swallowing, muscle weakness, can lead to respiratory failure/death
Duration: Variable
Food sources: improperly canned foods (home-canned vegetables), fermented fish, baked potatoes in aluminum foil
- bacterium

Question 4

Clostridium perfringens

Answer 4

Common name: perfringens food poisoning
Onset time: 8-16 hours
Symptoms: intense abdominal cramps, watery diarrhea
Duration: usually 24 hours
Food sources: meat, poultry, gravy, dried or precooked foods, time/temperature abused foods
- bacteria

Question 5

Cryptosporidium

Answer 5

Common name: Intestinal cryptosporidiosis
Onset time: 2-10 days
Symptoms: Diarrhea( usually watery), stomach cramps, upset stomach, slight fever
Duration: may remit/relapse over weeks to months
Food sources: Uncooked food, or food contaminated by ill food handler after cooking, contaminated water
- microscopic germ/ parasite

Question 6

Cyclospora cayetanenis

Answer 6

Common name: Cyclosporiasis
Onset time: 1-14 days, usually at least one week
Symptoms: Diarrhea (usually watery), loss of appetite, substantial loss of weight, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, fatigue
Duration: may be remitting/relapsing over weeks to months
Food sources: Various types of fresh produce ( imported berries, lettuce, basil)
protozoan parasite

Question 7

Escherichia coli (e. coli) producing toxin

Answer 7

Common name: E. coli infection (a common cause of traveler’s disease)
Onset time: 1-3 days
Symptoms: Watery diarrhea, some vomiting, abdominal cramps
Duration: 3-7 days, maybe more
Food sources: water/food contaminated with human feces
- bacteria

Question 8

E. coli O157:H7

Answer 8

Common name: Hemorrhagic colitis
or name+infection
Onset time: 1-8 days
Symptoms: severe (often bloody) diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting, usually little to no fever present, common in children 4 years and under, can lead to kidney failure
Duration: 5-10 days
Food sources: undercooked beef (especially hamburger), unpasteurized milk and juice, raw fruits and vegetables (e.g sprouts), contaminated water
- bacterial infection

Question 9

Hepatitis A

Answer 9

Common Name: Heptatitis
Onset time: 28 days average (15-50 days)
Symptoms: Diarrhea, dark urine, jaundice (yellowing of skin or eyes), flu-like symptoms, fever, headache, nausea, abdominal pains
Duration: Variable - 2 weeks - 3 months
Food sources: Raw produce, contaminated water, uncooked/cooked foods not reheated after in contact with infected food handler, shellfish from contaminated waters
- liver infection

Question 10

Listeria monocytogenes

Answer 10

Common name: Listeriosis
Onset time: 9-48 hours for gastro-intestinal symptoms, 2-6 weeks for invasive diseases
Symptoms: fever, muscle aches, nausea/diarrhea,
Pregnant women - mild flu-like illness, can lead to premature birth/ stillbirth(death or loss of baby), elderly/immunocompromised patients will develop bacteremia/meningitis
Duration: Variable
Food sources; soft cheeses with unpasteurized milk
unpasteurized milk, ready-to-eat deli meats
-pathogenic bacteria

Question 11

Norovirus

Answer 11

Common name: viral gastroenteritis, winter diarrhea, acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis, food poisoning, food infection
Onset Time: 12-48 hours
Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea, fever, headache, and Diarrhea are more in adults vomiting is more common in children
Duration: 12-60 hours
Food sources: Raw produce, contaminated water, uncooked/cooked foods not reheated after in contact with infected food handler, shellfish from contaminated waters
-Virus(duh)

Question 12

Salmonella

Answer 12

Common names: Salmonellosis
Onset Time: 6-48 hours
Symptoms: Diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps, vomiting
Duration: 4-7 days
Food sources: Eggs, poultry, meat, unpasteurized milk/meat, cheese, contaminated raw fruits and vegetables
- bacteria

Question 13

Shigella

Answer 13

Common names: Shigellosis, Bacillary dysentery
Onset Time: 24-48 hours
Symptoms: Abdominal cramps, fever, diarrhea, Stools may contain blood/mucus
Duration: 4-7 days
Food sources: Raw produce, contaminated water, uncooked/cooked foods not reheated after being in contact with infected food handler
- bacteria

Question 14

Staphylococcos Aureus

Answer 14

Common Names: Staphylococcus food poisoning
Onset Time: 1-6 hours
Symptoms: Sudden onset of nausea and vomiting,,, abdominal cramps, fever, and diarrhea may be present
Duration: 24-48 hours
Food sources: unrefrigerated/improperly refrigerated foods, cream pastries, potato, and egg salads,
- bacteria

Question 15

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Answer 15

Common names: V. parahaemolyticus infection
Onset time: 4-96 hours
Symptoms: watery diarrhea (occasionally bloody), abdominal cramps, fever, vomiting, nausea
Duration: 2-5 days
Food sources: undercooked/raw seafood
- bacterium

Question 16

Vibrio vulnificus

Answer 16

Common names: vulnificus infection
Onset time: 1-7 days
Symptoms: Vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloodborne infection, fever, bleeding within the skin, and ulcers requiring surgical removal, can be fatal to a person with liver disease/weakened immune systems
Duration: undercooked/raw seafood
-bacterium